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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Advanced Science

Hydrogen‐Bond Enabled Phosphite Based Intrinsic Flame‐Retardant Solid‐Solid Phase Change Materials Using Catalyst/Solvent‐Free Multi‐Component Reaction for Battery Thermal Management

  • Changhui Liu1
  • Guangyuan Liang1
  • Yuanzheng Liu1
  • Jiantang Gao1
  • Zeyang Li1
  • Lin Huang1
  • Jiateng Zhao1
  • Junbing Xiao2
  • Xiaoxing Zhong1
  • Jun (Joelle) Wang3
  1. 1School of Low‐carbon Energy and Power Engineering China University of Mining and Technology Xuzhou Jiangsu China
  2. 2School of Energy and Power Engineering Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha China
  3. 3Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon Hong Kong
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Abstract

Leakage and flammability are two critical safety issues limiting the practical application of organic phase change materials. Herein, a facile catalyst/solvent‐free multicomponent reaction involving alcohols/amines/thiols, dimethyl phosphite, and benzaldehyde was developed to simultaneously address these drawbacks. The terminal phosphite groups endow intrinsic flame retardancy, while intermolecular interactions enhanced by P═O bonds transform the material into a viscous‐to‐solid state above its melting point, eliminating leakage. Notably, the reaction proceeds smoothly with quantitative yield under fully catalyst‐free conditions as nucleophilicity increases from alcohols to thiols. Battery thermal management tests show the intrinsic flame‐retardant solid‐solid phase change materials extend the safe operation of lithium‐ion batteries by 140%. Cone calorimeter tests reveal a 14 s ignition delay, and 37.6%, 29.8%, and 27.3% reductions in average heat release rate, total heat release, and total oxygen consumption compared to raw materials, confirming excellent flame retardancy. The material exhibits a maximum latent heat of 133.87 J/g, ensuring favorable thermal energy storage performance.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{liu2026hydrogenbond,
  title = {{Hydrogen‐Bond Enabled Phosphite Based Intrinsic Flame‐Retardant Solid‐Solid Phase Change Materials Using Catalyst/Solvent‐Free Multi‐Component Reaction for Battery Thermal Management}},
  author = {Changhui Liu and Guangyuan Liang and Yuanzheng Liu and Jiantang Gao and Zeyang Li and Lin Huang and Jiateng Zhao and Junbing Xiao and Xiaoxing Zhong and Jun (Joelle) Wang},
  journal = {Advanced Science},
  year = {2026},
  month = aug,
  doi = {10.1002/advs.77157},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.77157},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Hydrogen‐Bond Enabled Phosphite Based Intrinsic Flame‐Retardant Solid‐Solid Phase Change Materials Using Catalyst/Solvent‐Free Multi‐Component Reaction for Battery Thermal Management
AU  - Changhui Liu
AU  - Guangyuan Liang
AU  - Yuanzheng Liu
AU  - Jiantang Gao
AU  - Zeyang Li
AU  - Lin Huang
AU  - Jiateng Zhao
AU  - Junbing Xiao
AU  - Xiaoxing Zhong
AU  - Jun (Joelle) Wang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/08/13
JO  - Advanced Science
DO  - 10.1002/advs.77157
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.77157
AB  - Leakage and flammability are two critical safety issues limiting the practical application of organic phase change materials. Herein, a facile catalyst/solvent‐free multicomponent reaction involving alcohols/amines/thiols, dimethyl phosphite, and benzaldehyde was developed to simultaneously address these drawbacks. The terminal phosphite groups endow intrinsic flame retardancy, while intermolecular interactions enhanced by P═O bonds transform the material into a viscous‐to‐solid state above its melting point, eliminating leakage. Notably, the reaction proceeds smoothly with quantitative yield under fully catalyst‐free conditions as nucleophilicity increases from alcohols to thiols. Battery thermal management tests show the intrinsic flame‐retardant solid‐solid phase change materials extend the safe operation of lithium‐ion batteries by 140%. Cone calorimeter tests reveal a 14 s ignition delay, and 37.6%, 29.8%, and 27.3% reductions in average heat release rate, total heat release, and total oxygen consumption compared to raw materials, confirming excellent flame retardancy. The material exhibits a maximum latent heat of 133.87 J/g, ensuring favorable thermal energy storage performance.
SN  - 2198-3844
ER  -