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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0AMBIO: A Journal of Environment and Society

Stakeholders' perspectives on barriers and pathways toward the diversification of planted forests

Abstract

Mixed planted forests (MPFs) are often considered more resilient to climate change and provide greater environmental benefits than monocultures. Yet, monocultures dominate tree plantation systems globally. Here, we examined the motivations, barriers, and opportunities that affect forest stakeholders' adoption of MPFs across four countries with strong yet distinct forest sectors: Brazil, France, Portugal, and Sweden. We conducted 81 semi-structured interviews with forest owners, company employees, and associations involved in forest management. We found that the primary motivation for adopting MPFs is to reduce vulnerability to climate change-related risks. However, the increased management complexity resulting from uneven growth rates among species is an important barrier. Economic constraints, including higher costs and undeveloped markets for alternative species, alongside governance challenges such as limited technical expertise and entrenched monoculture practices further hinder adoption. Possible pathways to diversification include capacity building, management strategies, and policy incentives, promoting more sustainable, climate-resilient, and futureproof forestry practices.

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BibTeX
@article{cagnoni2026stakeholders,
  title = {{Stakeholders' perspectives on barriers and pathways toward the diversification of planted forests}},
  author = {Leticia Bulascoschi Cagnoni and Joannès Guillemot and Anneli Adler and Martin Weih and Carla Morsello and Christophe Orazio and Philippe Deuffic and Alexandra C. Correia and David Lloberas Lafuente and Pedro Henrique Santin Brancalion},
  journal = {AMBIO: A Journal of Environment and Society},
  year = {2026},
  month = jul,
  doi = {10.1007/s13280-026-02425-8},
  url = {https://hal.science/hal-05735100v1},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Stakeholders' perspectives on barriers and pathways toward the diversification of planted forests
AU  - Leticia Bulascoschi Cagnoni
AU  - Joannès Guillemot
AU  - Anneli Adler
AU  - Martin Weih
AU  - Carla Morsello
AU  - Christophe Orazio
AU  - Philippe Deuffic
AU  - Alexandra C. Correia
AU  - David Lloberas Lafuente
AU  - Pedro Henrique Santin Brancalion
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/29
JO  - AMBIO: A Journal of Environment and Society
DO  - 10.1007/s13280-026-02425-8
UR  - https://hal.science/hal-05735100v1
AB  - Mixed planted forests (MPFs) are often considered more resilient to climate change and provide greater environmental benefits than monocultures. Yet, monocultures dominate tree plantation systems globally. Here, we examined the motivations, barriers, and opportunities that affect forest stakeholders' adoption of MPFs across four countries with strong yet distinct forest sectors: Brazil, France, Portugal, and Sweden. We conducted 81 semi-structured interviews with forest owners, company employees, and associations involved in forest management. We found that the primary motivation for adopting MPFs is to reduce vulnerability to climate change-related risks. However, the increased management complexity resulting from uneven growth rates among species is an important barrier. Economic constraints, including higher costs and undeveloped markets for alternative species, alongside governance challenges such as limited technical expertise and entrenched monoculture practices further hinder adoption. Possible pathways to diversification include capacity building, management strategies, and policy incentives, promoting more sustainable, climate-resilient, and futureproof forestry practices.
SN  - 0044-7447
SN  - 1654-7209
ER  -