Spatiotemporal variability of chlorophyll-a concentration in the South Brazil Bight using 25 years of multi-sensor orbital data (1998–2022)
Abstract
Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration is a key climate variable, as its variability is associated with meteorological and oceanographic processes. This study analyzed 25 years (1998-2022) of Chl-a data from the European Space Agency (ESA) Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI) multisensor archive for the South Brazil Bight, Southwestern Atlantic. Temporal variability and trends were assessed using the Census X11 method, Mann-Kendall, and Sens' slope tests. The ESA OC-CCI data highlight reliable regional performance, although Chl-a concentrations above 10 mg.m -3 were underestimated. Temporal analyses showed the lowest Chl-a variability (29%) in open ocean waters, with 81% of the variability attributed to seasonal dynamics influenced by the South Atlantic Subtropical Gyre (SASG). A negative Chl-a trend of -11.0% was observed over the 25-year period, attributed to the expansion of the oligotrophic area of the SASG. In the shelf areas southwest of São Sebastião Island, Chl-a variability was moderate (34%-39%), with no discernible long-term trend, but significant interannual variability (44%). The Cape Frio upwelling region shows an increasing Chl-a trend (14.5% in the last 25 years), driven by atmospheric circulation affecting local winds. The highest Chl-a variability (74%) occurred along the southern continental shelf, associated with seasonal nutrient inputs from the Subtropical Shelf Front, with a Chla-a trend increase of 7.5% in 25 years. These results highlight the dynamic and variable Chl-a responses to environmental forcing across the South Brazil Bight.
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BibTeX
@article{santos2026spatiotemporal,
title = {{Spatiotemporal variability of chlorophyll-a concentration in the South Brazil Bight using 25 years of multi-sensor orbital data (1998–2022)}},
author = {João Felipe Cardoso dos Santos and Milton Kampel and Vincent Vantrepotte},
journal = {Frontiers in Remote Sensing},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3389/frsen.2025.1544375},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-05797840v1},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Spatiotemporal variability of chlorophyll-a concentration in the South Brazil Bight using 25 years of multi-sensor orbital data (1998–2022)
AU - João Felipe Cardoso dos Santos
AU - Milton Kampel
AU - Vincent Vantrepotte
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/13
JO - Frontiers in Remote Sensing
DO - 10.3389/frsen.2025.1544375
UR - https://hal.science/hal-05797840v1
AB - Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration is a key climate variable, as its variability is associated with meteorological and oceanographic processes. This study analyzed 25 years (1998-2022) of Chl-a data from the European Space Agency (ESA) Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI) multisensor archive for the South Brazil Bight, Southwestern Atlantic. Temporal variability and trends were assessed using the Census X11 method, Mann-Kendall, and Sens' slope tests. The ESA OC-CCI data highlight reliable regional performance, although Chl-a concentrations above 10 mg.m -3 were underestimated. Temporal analyses showed the lowest Chl-a variability (29%) in open ocean waters, with 81% of the variability attributed to seasonal dynamics influenced by the South Atlantic Subtropical Gyre (SASG). A negative Chl-a trend of -11.0% was observed over the 25-year period, attributed to the expansion of the oligotrophic area of the SASG. In the shelf areas southwest of São Sebastião Island, Chl-a variability was moderate (34%-39%), with no discernible long-term trend, but significant interannual variability (44%). The Cape Frio upwelling region shows an increasing Chl-a trend (14.5% in the last 25 years), driven by atmospheric circulation affecting local winds. The highest Chl-a variability (74%) occurred along the southern continental shelf, associated with seasonal nutrient inputs from the Subtropical Shelf Front, with a Chla-a trend increase of 7.5% in 25 years. These results highlight the dynamic and variable Chl-a responses to environmental forcing across the South Brazil Bight.
SN - 2673-6187
ER -