Gastrin-releasing peptide, neuromedin B, and symptom severity in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
- 1University of Health Sciences, Erzurum Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry - Erzurum, Türkiye.
- 2Erzurum City Hospital, Department of Biochemistry - Erzurum, Turkey.
Abstract
Objective
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with metabolic and neuropeptidergic processes. Gastrin-releasing peptide and neuromedin B, which are bombesin-like peptides, have been studied only to a limited extent in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, despite their role in energy homeostasis and central nervous system function. The aim of this study was to evaluate gastrin-releasing peptide and neuromedin B levels in untreated adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder patients and to examine their relationship with clinical symptom severity.Methods
This cross-sectional study included 55 untreated adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder patients and 32 healthy controls. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnoses were confirmed using SCID-5/CV and DIVA 2.0, and symptom severity was assessed using the Adult Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale. Gastrin-releasing peptide and neuromedin B levels in fasting serum were measured using the ELISA method. Group comparisons, Pearson correlations, hierarchical regression, and receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed.Results
Gastrin-releasing peptide (22.83±24.18 pg/mL) and neuromedin B (1.83±2.86 pg/mL) levels were significantly lower in the attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder group compared to the control group (p=0.004 and p=0.037, respectively). Gastrin-releasing peptide and neuromedin B levels were negatively correlated with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale total and subscale scores (p<0.001 for all). In regression analyses, gastrin-releasing peptide was an independent predictor of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale total score (β=-0.642, p=0.024). In receiver operating characteristic analyses, gastrin-releasing peptide (AUC=0.746) and neuromedin B (AUC=0.719) showed significant performance in distinguishing attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.Conclusion
The findings suggest that gastrin-releasing peptide, in particular, may be associated with clinical symptom severity in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and is a potential biomarker candidate.
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BibTeX
@article{tozoglu2026gastrinreleasing,
title = {{Gastrin-releasing peptide, neuromedin B, and symptom severity in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.}},
author = {Elif Özcan Tozoğlu and Alev Lazoğlu Özkaya},
journal = {Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1590/1806-9282.20260659},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42879589},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Gastrin-releasing peptide, neuromedin B, and symptom severity in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
AU - Elif Özcan Tozoğlu
AU - Alev Lazoğlu Özkaya
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/12
JO - Revista da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)
DO - 10.1590/1806-9282.20260659
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42879589
AB - Objective Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with metabolic and neuropeptidergic processes. Gastrin-releasing peptide and neuromedin B, which are bombesin-like peptides, have been studied only to a limited extent in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, despite their role in energy homeostasis and central nervous system function. The aim of this study was to evaluate gastrin-releasing peptide and neuromedin B levels in untreated adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder patients and to examine their relationship with clinical symptom severity.Methods This cross-sectional study included 55 untreated adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder patients and 32 healthy controls. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnoses were confirmed using SCID-5/CV and DIVA 2.0, and symptom severity was assessed using the Adult Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale. Gastrin-releasing peptide and neuromedin B levels in fasting serum were measured using the ELISA method. Group comparisons, Pearson correlations, hierarchical regression, and receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed.Results Gastrin-releasing peptide (22.83±24.18 pg/mL) and neuromedin B (1.83±2.86 pg/mL) levels were significantly lower in the attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder group compared to the control group (p=0.004 and p=0.037, respectively). Gastrin-releasing peptide and neuromedin B levels were negatively correlated with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale total and subscale scores (p<0.001 for all). In regression analyses, gastrin-releasing peptide was an independent predictor of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale total score (β=-0.642, p=0.024). In receiver operating characteristic analyses, gastrin-releasing peptide (AUC=0.746) and neuromedin B (AUC=0.719) showed significant performance in distinguishing attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.Conclusion The findings suggest that gastrin-releasing peptide, in particular, may be associated with clinical symptom severity in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and is a potential biomarker candidate.
SN - 0104-4230
SN - 1806-9282
ER -