Discovery of Kolmogorov-like Turbulence in the Inner Shell of the Supernova Remnant HB 9

Abstract

We investigated the scaling relation of the magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in the inner and outer shells of the supernova remnant HB 9 using multitracers. For the eastern inner shell section, 1D structure function and power spectrum analyses of the radio total intensity, H α emission, and polarized intensity consistently show a Kolmogorov-like scaling l 2/3 over the inertial range. The 2D power spectrum for the entire inner region follows k −8/3 of all tracers, including the polarization gradient ∇ P . It indicates that fully developed, trans-Alfvénic Kolmogorov turbulence is present in the inner shell of HB 9. We estimated the strength of the random magnetic field therein from the low fractional polarization (∼5%) and obtained an upper limit of δB ∼ 18 μ G. The turbulence in the inner shock shell is most likely driven by the Richtmyer–Meshkov instability.

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BibTeX

@article{xiao2026discovery,
  title = {{Discovery of Kolmogorov-like Turbulence in the Inner Shell of the Supernova Remnant HB 9}},
  author = {Li Xiao and Ming Zhu and Xiao-Hui Sun and Wolfgang Reich and Patricia Reich},
  journal = {The Astrophysical Journal},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/aeac21},
  url = {https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aeac21},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Discovery of Kolmogorov-like Turbulence in the Inner Shell of the Supernova Remnant HB 9
AU  - Li Xiao
AU  - Ming Zhu
AU  - Xiao-Hui Sun
AU  - Wolfgang Reich
AU  - Patricia Reich
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/28
JO  - The Astrophysical Journal
DO  - 10.3847/1538-4357/aeac21
UR  - https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aeac21
AB  - We investigated the scaling relation of the magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in the inner and outer shells of the supernova remnant HB 9 using multitracers. For the eastern inner shell section, 1D structure function and power spectrum analyses of the radio total intensity, H α emission, and polarized intensity consistently show a Kolmogorov-like scaling l 2/3 over the inertial range. The 2D power spectrum for the entire inner region follows k −8/3 of all tracers, including the polarization gradient ∇ P . It indicates that fully developed, trans-Alfvénic Kolmogorov turbulence is present in the inner shell of HB 9. We estimated the strength of the random magnetic field therein from the low fractional polarization (∼5%) and obtained an upper limit of δB ∼ 18 μ G. The turbulence in the inner shock shell is most likely driven by the Richtmyer–Meshkov instability.
SN  - 1538-4357
SN  - 0004-637X
ER  -

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