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Peer-reviewedCC BYMatter and Radiation at Extremes

Multi-PW laser-driven large-charge electron beam and intense electromagnetic pulse utilizing near-critical-density foams

  • Shuai Xu1
  • Hui Zhang2
  • Chengyu Qin1
  • Bowen Zhang1
  • Dirui Xu1
  • Yingzi Dai3
  • Yunwei Cui1
  • Ke Quan1
  • Lianghong Yu1
  • Xiaoyan Liang2
  • Baifei Shen4
  • Liangliang Ji2
1 more authors
  • Ruxin Li5
5 affiliations
  1. 11State Key Laboratory of Ultra-Intense Laser Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201800, China
  2. 21State Key Laboratory of Ultra-Intense Laser Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201800, China2CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-Intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China
  3. 31State Key Laboratory of Ultra-Intense Laser Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201800, China3Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  4. 41State Key Laboratory of Ultra-Intense Laser Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201800, China4Department of Physics, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
  5. 51State Key Laboratory of Ultra-Intense Laser Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201800, China2CAS Center for Excellence in Ultra-Intense Laser Science, Shanghai 201800, China5ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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Abstract

We present an experimental study on electron acceleration and electromagnetic pulse (EMP) generation on the Shanghai Superintense Ultrafast Laser Facility. Using the 1.8-PW femtosecond laser pulse with a peak intensity of 8.0 × 1021 W/cm2 irradiating near-critical-density foam targets, enhanced electron acceleration is observed compared with the flat foil case, producing a high-quality electron beam with a large charge of 16.2 nC, a high temperature of 32.5 MeV, and a conversion efficiency from laser to electrons of 5.6% for energies more than 20 MeV. Simultaneously, an intense EMP with energy reaching up to 1.7 J is obtained for the foam target, which is seven times that of the flat foil case. The EMP spectra exhibit multiple peaks at fixed frequencies, where the EMP amplitude is directly proportional to the electron temperature for the electromagnetic radiation induced by electron reflux in the target holder and escape of hot electrons from the target, while it deviates from the proportional relationship for the eigenfrequency radiation of the vacuum chamber. This work demonstrates a novel scheme to simultaneously generate large-charge relativistic electron beams and intense EMPs, providing a multiphysics field condition for potential applications such as material property studies and device hardening.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{xu2026multipw,
  title = {{Multi-PW laser-driven large-charge electron beam and intense electromagnetic pulse utilizing near-critical-density foams}},
  author = {Shuai Xu and Hui Zhang and Chengyu Qin and Bowen Zhang and Dirui Xu and Yingzi Dai and Yunwei Cui and Ke Quan and Lianghong Yu and Xiaoyan Liang and Baifei Shen and Liangliang Ji and Ruxin Li},
  journal = {Matter and Radiation at Extremes},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.1063/5.0348878},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0348878},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Multi-PW laser-driven large-charge electron beam and intense electromagnetic pulse utilizing near-critical-density foams
AU  - Shuai Xu
AU  - Hui Zhang
AU  - Chengyu Qin
AU  - Bowen Zhang
AU  - Dirui Xu
AU  - Yingzi Dai
AU  - Yunwei Cui
AU  - Ke Quan
AU  - Lianghong Yu
AU  - Xiaoyan Liang
AU  - Baifei Shen
AU  - Liangliang Ji
AU  - Ruxin Li
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/06
JO  - Matter and Radiation at Extremes
DO  - 10.1063/5.0348878
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0348878
AB  - We present an experimental study on electron acceleration and electromagnetic pulse (EMP) generation on the Shanghai Superintense Ultrafast Laser Facility. Using the 1.8-PW femtosecond laser pulse with a peak intensity of 8.0 × 1021 W/cm2 irradiating near-critical-density foam targets, enhanced electron acceleration is observed compared with the flat foil case, producing a high-quality electron beam with a large charge of 16.2 nC, a high temperature of 32.5 MeV, and a conversion efficiency from laser to electrons of 5.6% for energies more than 20 MeV. Simultaneously, an intense EMP with energy reaching up to 1.7 J is obtained for the foam target, which is seven times that of the flat foil case. The EMP spectra exhibit multiple peaks at fixed frequencies, where the EMP amplitude is directly proportional to the electron temperature for the electromagnetic radiation induced by electron reflux in the target holder and escape of hot electrons from the target, while it deviates from the proportional relationship for the eigenfrequency radiation of the vacuum chamber. This work demonstrates a novel scheme to simultaneously generate large-charge relativistic electron beams and intense EMPs, providing a multiphysics field condition for potential applications such as material property studies and device hardening.
SN  - 2468-2047
SN  - 2468-080X
ER  -