Effects of High-Temperature Preconditioning on Li Plating During Low-Temperature Cycling of the COTS LG Chem HG2 Cell
Abstract
Commercial off-the-shelf~(COTS) Li ion cells offer an attractive and rechargeable power source for spacecraft applications. However, since these cells are typically designed for charging above 0\,\textdegree C, challenging sub-zero temperatures could inflict irreversible degradation and safety hazards during in-flight operation. To address these challenges, this work explores strategies affecting their low-temperature performance. Specifically, we investigate the Li plating behavior of the COTS~LG~Chem~18650~HG2 cell during galvanostatic cycling at −20\textdegree C and its dependence on prior high-temperature preconditioning protocols, involving either two-week galvanostatic cycling or storage at 30\,\textdegree C, as well as a reference case without preconditioning, i.e., direct cycling at −20\textdegree C. Experimental cycling tests reveal distinct differences in Li metal deposition between cells subjected to these conditions. To identify the origin of these discrepancies, we combine computed tomography of the electrode microstructure with three-dimensional, spatially resolved cell modeling and analyze the simulation results.
Versions
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BibTeX
@misc{lehnert2026effects,
title = {{Effects of High-Temperature Preconditioning on Li Plating During Low-Temperature Cycling of the COTS LG Chem HG2 Cell}},
author = {Lukas Lehnert and Keith B. Chin and Frederick C. Krause and John P. Ruiz and Simon Hein and John Bescup and Gil Garteiz and Arnulf Latz and Erik J. Brandon and Birger Horstmann},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.25005},
eprint = {2609.25005},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.25005},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Effects of High-Temperature Preconditioning on Li Plating During Low-Temperature Cycling of the COTS LG Chem HG2 Cell
AU - Lukas Lehnert
AU - Keith B. Chin
AU - Frederick C. Krause
AU - John P. Ruiz
AU - Simon Hein
AU - John Bescup
AU - Gil Garteiz
AU - Arnulf Latz
AU - Erik J. Brandon
AU - Birger Horstmann
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/01
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.25005
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.25005
AB - Commercial off-the-shelf~(COTS) Li ion cells offer an attractive and rechargeable power source for spacecraft applications. However, since these cells are typically designed for charging above 0\,\textdegree C, challenging sub-zero temperatures could inflict irreversible degradation and safety hazards during in-flight operation. To address these challenges, this work explores strategies affecting their low-temperature performance. Specifically, we investigate the Li plating behavior of the COTS~LG~Chem~18650~HG2 cell during galvanostatic cycling at −20\textdegree C and its dependence on prior high-temperature preconditioning protocols, involving either two-week galvanostatic cycling or storage at 30\,\textdegree C, as well as a reference case without preconditioning, i.e., direct cycling at −20\textdegree C. Experimental cycling tests reveal distinct differences in Li metal deposition between cells subjected to these conditions. To identify the origin of these discrepancies, we combine computed tomography of the electrode microstructure with three-dimensional, spatially resolved cell modeling and analyze the simulation results.
ER -