Multimessenger Constraints on the Central Engine in SN 2023ixf: Neutron Star or Black Hole?
Abstract
The physical trigger of core-collapse supernova (CC-SNe) is a central theme in modern surveys of the transient Universe. A multi-messenger approach may provide a unique window to CC-SNe produced by a newly born neutron star (NS) or black hole (BH). Here we apply joint electromagnetic-gravitational wave (EM-GW) analysis to the nearby event SN 2023ixf using a model-independent broadband search with a GW-energy detection threshold of a few times 10−5 M⊙ c2 for chirps and 10−2 M⊙ c2 for noise-like emission below 1\,kHz. No joint LIGO Hanford-Livingston (H1-L1) signal associated with SN 2023ixf is observed over a 2.5 day window proceeding the first discovery. Together with EM photometric-spectroscopic data, we interpret this null result to indicate the absence of BH formation, in part by mass-scaling of the BH powering GW170817B following GW170817. This multi-messenger outcome supports, hereby, scenarios consistent with NS formation, consistent with a progenitor mass likely below ∼ 20 M⊙ estimated by EM interpretations.
Versions
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BibTeX
@misc{abchouyeh2026multimessenger,
title = {{Multimessenger Constraints on the Central Engine in SN 2023ixf: Neutron Star or Black Hole?}},
author = {Maryam Aghaei Abchouyeh and Maurice H. P. M. van Putten and Massimo Della Valle},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = aug,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2608.27468},
eprint = {2608.27468},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.27468},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Multimessenger Constraints on the Central Engine in SN 2023ixf: Neutron Star or Black Hole?
AU - Maryam Aghaei Abchouyeh
AU - Maurice H. P. M. van Putten
AU - Massimo Della Valle
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/08/04
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2608.27468
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.27468
AB - The physical trigger of core-collapse supernova (CC-SNe) is a central theme in modern surveys of the transient Universe. A multi-messenger approach may provide a unique window to CC-SNe produced by a newly born neutron star (NS) or black hole (BH). Here we apply joint electromagnetic-gravitational wave (EM-GW) analysis to the nearby event SN 2023ixf using a model-independent broadband search with a GW-energy detection threshold of a few times 10^−5 M_⊙ c^2 for chirps and 10^−2 M_⊙ c^2 for noise-like emission below 1\,kHz. No joint LIGO Hanford-Livingston (H1-L1) signal associated with SN 2023ixf is observed over a 2.5 day window proceeding the first discovery. Together with EM photometric-spectroscopic data, we interpret this null result to indicate the absence of BH formation, in part by mass-scaling of the BH powering GW170817B following GW170817. This multi-messenger outcome supports, hereby, scenarios consistent with NS formation, consistent with a progenitor mass likely below ∼ 20 M_⊙ estimated by EM interpretations.
ER -