The FetalSenseM V2: a wearable and wireless, multi-wavelength NIRS device for continuous monitoring of placental oxygenation and metabolism
Abstract
We present here the FetalSenseM V2 (FSM V2), a wireless and wearable, multi-wavelength, NIRS device, based on LED illumination at six NIR wavelengths (782, 800, 818, 830, 848 and 888 nm). It utilises two sources located on the flexible wings of the sensor body, and three photodiodes placed symmetrically in its centre at 1 cm from each other. The configuration provides two sets of three source-to-detector distances (SDS) at 3, 4 and 5 cm. FSM V2 allows estimation of dynamic, relative changes in placental concentrations of HbO2, HHb and oxCCO. At the same time, the dual set of SDS also enables the use of multi-distance algorithms, such as spatially-resolved spectroscopy (SRS) and Dual Slope (DS), for estimating placental oxygen saturation (PlO2). FSM V2 is the first example of a new generation of wearable NIRS devices, paving the way for smart and advanced monitoring of placental health at bedside. The FSM V2 was successfully validated on a bench-testing, metrological platform based on optical phantoms, as well as against a gold-standard, time-domain (TD) NIRS system, before moving to preliminary examples of clinical application and usability on pregnancy monitoring trials at University College Lon-don Hospital (UCLH), conducted as part of an in vivo proof-of-concept study.
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BibTeX
@misc{giannoni2026fetalsensem,
title = {{The FetalSenseM V2: a wearable and wireless, multi-wavelength NIRS device for continuous monitoring of placental oxygenation and metabolism}},
author = {Luca Giannoni and Frederic Lange and Musa Talati and Uzair Hakim and Darshana Gopal and Angelos Artemiou and Niccole Ranaei-Zamani and Olivia Newth and Sarah Johnson and Maeve McGaughey and Subhabrata Mitra and Ilias Tachtsidis},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.06091},
eprint = {2610.06091},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.06091},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - The FetalSenseM V2: a wearable and wireless, multi-wavelength NIRS device for continuous monitoring of placental oxygenation and metabolism
AU - Luca Giannoni
AU - Frederic Lange
AU - Musa Talati
AU - Uzair Hakim
AU - Darshana Gopal
AU - Angelos Artemiou
AU - Niccole Ranaei-Zamani
AU - Olivia Newth
AU - Sarah Johnson
AU - Maeve McGaughey
AU - Subhabrata Mitra
AU - Ilias Tachtsidis
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/05
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.06091
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.06091
AB - We present here the FetalSenseM V2 (FSM V2), a wireless and wearable, multi-wavelength, NIRS device, based on LED illumination at six NIR wavelengths (782, 800, 818, 830, 848 and 888 nm). It utilises two sources located on the flexible wings of the sensor body, and three photodiodes placed symmetrically in its centre at 1 cm from each other. The configuration provides two sets of three source-to-detector distances (SDS) at 3, 4 and 5 cm. FSM V2 allows estimation of dynamic, relative changes in placental concentrations of HbO2, HHb and oxCCO. At the same time, the dual set of SDS also enables the use of multi-distance algorithms, such as spatially-resolved spectroscopy (SRS) and Dual Slope (DS), for estimating placental oxygen saturation (PlO2). FSM V2 is the first example of a new generation of wearable NIRS devices, paving the way for smart and advanced monitoring of placental health at bedside. The FSM V2 was successfully validated on a bench-testing, metrological platform based on optical phantoms, as well as against a gold-standard, time-domain (TD) NIRS system, before moving to preliminary examples of clinical application and usability on pregnancy monitoring trials at University College Lon-don Hospital (UCLH), conducted as part of an in vivo proof-of-concept study.
ER -