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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0The Astrophysical Journal

Modulation of Galactic Cosmic Rays in Corotating Interaction Regions: Diffusion Dominates over Drifts and Advection

  • J. G. Alonso Guzmán1
  • W. Liu2
  • V. Florinski1
  • G. Tóth2
  • K. Ghanbari1
  • B. van der Holst3
  1. 1University of Alabama in Huntsville
  2. 2University of Michigan
  3. 3Boston University
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Abstract

Through a coupling of the Space Weather Modeling Framework and the Space Plasma and Energetic Charged particle Transport on Unstructured Meshes, we perform hybrid modeling of Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), treated as a test-particle population, and their modulation in the quiet inner heliosphere, treated as a magnetized fluid, during the passage of corotating interaction regions (CIRs), modeled with the Alfvén Wave Solar Atmosphere Model. We find strong evidence that this modulation is due, almost entirely, to the role of diffusive transport on either side of the stream interface separating the interacting fast and slow flows, which dominates over advection and drift effects. In particular, our simulations indicate that parallel diffusion has a greater influence on the GCR response to the passage of the CIR than perpendicular diffusion.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{guzman2026modulation,
  title = {{Modulation of Galactic Cosmic Rays in Corotating Interaction Regions: Diffusion Dominates over Drifts and Advection}},
  author = {J. G. Alonso Guzmán and W. Liu and V. Florinski and G. Tóth and K. Ghanbari and B. van der Holst},
  journal = {The Astrophysical Journal},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ae9f54},
  url = {https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae9f54},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Modulation of Galactic Cosmic Rays in Corotating Interaction Regions: Diffusion Dominates over Drifts and Advection
AU  - J. G. Alonso Guzmán
AU  - W. Liu
AU  - V. Florinski
AU  - G. Tóth
AU  - K. Ghanbari
AU  - B. van der Holst
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/09
JO  - The Astrophysical Journal
DO  - 10.3847/1538-4357/ae9f54
UR  - https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ae9f54
AB  - Through a coupling of the Space Weather Modeling Framework and the Space Plasma and Energetic Charged particle Transport on Unstructured Meshes, we perform hybrid modeling of Galactic cosmic rays (GCRs), treated as a test-particle population, and their modulation in the quiet inner heliosphere, treated as a magnetized fluid, during the passage of corotating interaction regions (CIRs), modeled with the Alfvén Wave Solar Atmosphere Model. We find strong evidence that this modulation is due, almost entirely, to the role of diffusive transport on either side of the stream interface separating the interacting fast and slow flows, which dominates over advection and drift effects. In particular, our simulations indicate that parallel diffusion has a greater influence on the GCR response to the passage of the CIR than perpendicular diffusion.
SN  - 0004-637X
SN  - 1538-4357
ER  -