A Chromatographic Test Reveals Homeopathic Preparations Affect Human Blood In Vitro
4 affiliations
- 1Institute of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Bern Bern Switzerland
- 2Hiscia Research Institute, Society for Cancer Research Arlesheim Switzerland
- 3Private Practice for General Internal Medicine Basel Switzerland
- 4Institute for Integrative Medicine, University of Witten/Herdecke Herdecke Germany
Abstract
Background: Classical homeopathy is a medical system with individualised treatment of patients. An ascending paper chromatography test, known as the Kaelin blood test, was adapted to investigate the effects of homeopathic preparations on human blood in vitro with an emphasis on possible inter-individual differences in response rate.
Methods: Thirteen patients to whom homeopathic remedies had been prescribed were enrolled in the study; EDTA blood samples were collected from each of them prior to remedy intake. Portions of each sample were treated in vitro with the patients' individually prescribed remedy, Pulsatilla , Natrium muriaticum at either 30c or 200c potency, or placebo. All samples were analysed using the Kaelin blood test. To assess the stability of the experimental set-up, 13 analogous systematic negative control (SNC) experiments were performed. Additionally, 16 untreated blood samples were analysed to correlate the chromatographic pattern features with blood parameters. Chromatograms from both experimental series were scanned and evaluated using computerised image analysis.
Results: Two-way analysis of variance with patient and treatment as independent factors revealed statistically significant interactions ( p < 0.05) in 10 out of 10 pattern evaluation parameters; only three parameters showed significant main effects ( p < 0.05). The SNC experiments did not show any statistically significant effects, being indicative of a robust and stable experimental set-up. These findings suggest that the response of the blood samples to the homeopathic treatments was contingent upon the individual patient, indicating patient-specific effects. Strong correlations were found between pattern features and blood parameters related to haemoglobin and liver function.
Conclusion: The Kaelin blood test may be considered a potentially useful ex vivo , in vitro model for investigating individualised responses of human blood samples to homeopathic treatments.
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BibTeX
@article{wrzalko2026chromatographic,
title = {{A Chromatographic Test Reveals Homeopathic Preparations Affect Human Blood In Vitro}},
author = {Daniel Wrzałko and Jürg Lehmann and Stephan Baumgartner and Ursula Wolf and Maria Olga Kokornaczyk},
journal = {Homeopathy},
year = {2026},
month = may,
doi = {10.1055/a-2748-6796},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2748-6796},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - A Chromatographic Test Reveals Homeopathic Preparations Affect Human Blood In Vitro
AU - Daniel Wrzałko
AU - Jürg Lehmann
AU - Stephan Baumgartner
AU - Ursula Wolf
AU - Maria Olga Kokornaczyk
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/05/13
JO - Homeopathy
DO - 10.1055/a-2748-6796
UR - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2748-6796
AB - Background: Classical homeopathy is a medical system with individualised treatment of patients. An ascending paper chromatography test, known as the Kaelin blood test, was adapted to investigate the effects of homeopathic preparations on human blood in vitro with an emphasis on possible inter-individual differences in response rate. Methods: Thirteen patients to whom homeopathic remedies had been prescribed were enrolled in the study; EDTA blood samples were collected from each of them prior to remedy intake. Portions of each sample were treated in vitro with the patients' individually prescribed remedy, Pulsatilla , Natrium muriaticum at either 30c or 200c potency, or placebo. All samples were analysed using the Kaelin blood test. To assess the stability of the experimental set-up, 13 analogous systematic negative control (SNC) experiments were performed. Additionally, 16 untreated blood samples were analysed to correlate the chromatographic pattern features with blood parameters. Chromatograms from both experimental series were scanned and evaluated using computerised image analysis. Results: Two-way analysis of variance with patient and treatment as independent factors revealed statistically significant interactions ( p < 0.05) in 10 out of 10 pattern evaluation parameters; only three parameters showed significant main effects ( p < 0.05). The SNC experiments did not show any statistically significant effects, being indicative of a robust and stable experimental set-up. These findings suggest that the response of the blood samples to the homeopathic treatments was contingent upon the individual patient, indicating patient-specific effects. Strong correlations were found between pattern features and blood parameters related to haemoglobin and liver function. Conclusion: The Kaelin blood test may be considered a potentially useful ex vivo , in vitro model for investigating individualised responses of human blood samples to homeopathic treatments.
SN - 1475-4916
SN - 1476-4245
ER -