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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Journal of High Energy Physics

Random matrix product state models of gravitationally prepared states

  • Sunghoon Jung1
  • Sungjung Kim1
  • Jiwoo Park1,2,3
  • Seokhyeon Song1
  1. 1Seoul National University
  2. 2Princeton University
  3. 3Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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Abstract

A bstract : Gravitationally prepared states are quantum field theoretic states prepared by gravitational path integrals with spatial boundaries that have fixed boundary conditions for gravity but not for matter fields. They can be interpreted as quantum field theoretic states of closed universes encoding quantum gravitational effects of the past. We propose a method of modeling gravitationally prepared states in two dimensions with random matrix product states (RMPS). Such RMPS models allow us to compute quantities which include contributions of higher topologies and replica geometries to all orders. The bra-ket wormhole phase transition is a crucial physical property of gravitationally prepared states. We show that a RMPS model shows behavior qualitatively similar to the bra-ket wormhole phase transition if it satisfies the spectral gapping property , which we define. We define a class of models called O( k ) models satisfying this property. A novel advantage of RMPS models is that they allow us to compute effects corresponding to off-shell wormholes , i.e., wormhole topologies without semiclassical solutions. In particular, numerical results in RMPS models suggest that off-shell wormholes lead to nonzero long-distance correlators in gravitationally prepared states. We also define RMPS models in continuous space, and discuss implications for studying de Sitter gravitationally prepared states.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{jung2026random,
  title = {{Random matrix product state models of gravitationally prepared states}},
  author = {Sunghoon Jung and Sungjung Kim and Jiwoo Park and Seokhyeon Song},
  journal = {Journal of High Energy Physics},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1007/jhep10(2026)097},
  url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1007/JHEP10(2026)097},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Random matrix product state models of gravitationally prepared states
AU  - Sunghoon Jung
AU  - Sungjung Kim
AU  - Jiwoo Park
AU  - Seokhyeon Song
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/08
JO  - Journal of High Energy Physics
DO  - 10.1007/jhep10(2026)097
UR  - https://link.springer.com/10.1007/JHEP10(2026)097
AB  - A bstract : Gravitationally prepared states are quantum field theoretic states prepared by gravitational path integrals with spatial boundaries that have fixed boundary conditions for gravity but not for matter fields. They can be interpreted as quantum field theoretic states of closed universes encoding quantum gravitational effects of the past. We propose a method of modeling gravitationally prepared states in two dimensions with random matrix product states (RMPS). Such RMPS models allow us to compute quantities which include contributions of higher topologies and replica geometries to all orders. The bra-ket wormhole phase transition is a crucial physical property of gravitationally prepared states. We show that a RMPS model shows behavior qualitatively similar to the bra-ket wormhole phase transition if it satisfies the spectral gapping property , which we define. We define a class of models called O( k ) models satisfying this property. A novel advantage of RMPS models is that they allow us to compute effects corresponding to off-shell wormholes , i.e., wormhole topologies without semiclassical solutions. In particular, numerical results in RMPS models suggest that off-shell wormholes lead to nonzero long-distance correlators in gravitationally prepared states. We also define RMPS models in continuous space, and discuss implications for studying de Sitter gravitationally prepared states.
SN  - 1029-8479
ER  -