The impact of postactivation performance enhancement on 20 m sprint and CMJ performance in male sprinters.
4 affiliations
- 1Tianjin Vocational College of Sports, Tianjin, 300167, China.
- 2Tianjin Research Institute of Sports Science, Tianjin, 300167, China.
- 3Department of Physical Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China. [email protected].
- 4National Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China. [email protected].
Abstract
Objective
This study investigated the effects of different conditioning activities (CAs) on postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE), as assessed by 20 m sprint and countermovement jump (CMJ) performance, determined the optimal timing of peak performance, and analyzed the underlying mechanisms in male sprinters.Background
Thirteen male sprinters completed a controlled crossover design involving three CAs, namely, traditional dynamic resistance (TDR), plyometric (PLY), and maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Pre- and post-intervention assessments of 20 m sprint and CMJ were conducted alongside kinematic, kinetic, and sEMG analyses to elucidate mechanisms underlying performance changes.Results
All three CAs (TDR, PLY, and MVIC) resulted in significant improvements in 20 m sprint performance. The TDR group achieved optimal results at 4 and 8 min; the PLY group at 8 min; and the MVIC group at 12, 16, and 20 min. CMJ performance was significantly enhanced by TDR at 8 min (P < 0.05). In the TDR group, compared with baseline, hip joint minimum angle (θmin) (P < 0.01) and minimum angular velocity (ωmin) (P < 0.05) were reduced, whereas angular displacement (Δθ) (P < 0.01), knee θmin (P < 0.01), ωmin (P < 0.01), and Δθ (P < 0.01) were increased. Additionally, vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) (P < 0.01), peak power output (PPO) (P < 0.05), and peak rate of force development (pRFD) (P < 0.05) were significantly increased. Muscle coactivation was observed at the hip and knee joints (P < 0.01). At 8 min post-TDR, compared with the control group, hip and knee θmin, ωmin, and Δθ changed significantly (P < 0.05). Correspondingly, vGRF, PPO, and pRFD showed significant increases (P < 0.05). Coactivation of the hip and knee musculature (P < 0.05) was also observed.Conclusion
TDR, PLY, and MVIC CAs each significantly enhance 20 m sprint performance in male sprinters. However, the timing of peak PAPE varies by CA: 4-8 min for TDR, 8 min for PLY, and 12-20 min for MVIC. Notably, TDR induces significant improvements in CMJ performance at 8 min, which are likely attributable to increased joint loading capacity and enhanced muscle coactivation in the lower limbs.
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BibTeX
@article{he2026impact,
title = {{The impact of postactivation performance enhancement on 20 m sprint and CMJ performance in male sprinters.}},
author = {Jianlong He and Xianzhe Liu and Shiming Li and Qirong Wang},
journal = {BMC sports science, medicine \& rehabilitation},
year = {2026},
month = aug,
doi = {10.1186/s13102-026-01947-8},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42958431},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - The impact of postactivation performance enhancement on 20 m sprint and CMJ performance in male sprinters.
AU - Jianlong He
AU - Xianzhe Liu
AU - Shiming Li
AU - Qirong Wang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/08/04
JO - BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation
DO - 10.1186/s13102-026-01947-8
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42958431
AB - Objective This study investigated the effects of different conditioning activities (CAs) on postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE), as assessed by 20 m sprint and countermovement jump (CMJ) performance, determined the optimal timing of peak performance, and analyzed the underlying mechanisms in male sprinters.Background Thirteen male sprinters completed a controlled crossover design involving three CAs, namely, traditional dynamic resistance (TDR), plyometric (PLY), and maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Pre- and post-intervention assessments of 20 m sprint and CMJ were conducted alongside kinematic, kinetic, and sEMG analyses to elucidate mechanisms underlying performance changes.Results All three CAs (TDR, PLY, and MVIC) resulted in significant improvements in 20 m sprint performance. The TDR group achieved optimal results at 4 and 8 min; the PLY group at 8 min; and the MVIC group at 12, 16, and 20 min. CMJ performance was significantly enhanced by TDR at 8 min (P < 0.05). In the TDR group, compared with baseline, hip joint minimum angle (θmin) (P < 0.01) and minimum angular velocity (ωmin) (P < 0.05) were reduced, whereas angular displacement (Δθ) (P < 0.01), knee θmin (P < 0.01), ωmin (P < 0.01), and Δθ (P < 0.01) were increased. Additionally, vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) (P < 0.01), peak power output (PPO) (P < 0.05), and peak rate of force development (pRFD) (P < 0.05) were significantly increased. Muscle coactivation was observed at the hip and knee joints (P < 0.01). At 8 min post-TDR, compared with the control group, hip and knee θmin, ωmin, and Δθ changed significantly (P < 0.05). Correspondingly, vGRF, PPO, and pRFD showed significant increases (P < 0.05). Coactivation of the hip and knee musculature (P < 0.05) was also observed.Conclusion TDR, PLY, and MVIC CAs each significantly enhance 20 m sprint performance in male sprinters. However, the timing of peak PAPE varies by CA: 4-8 min for TDR, 8 min for PLY, and 12-20 min for MVIC. Notably, TDR induces significant improvements in CMJ performance at 8 min, which are likely attributable to increased joint loading capacity and enhanced muscle coactivation in the lower limbs.
SN - 2052-1847
ER -