Multi-kingdom microbial diversity and interaction landscapes in mosquitoes revealed by 5,163 individual meta-transcriptomes
- 1National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University
Abstract
Mosquitoes are pathogen vectors embedded within diverse microbial ecosystems. However, the nature and interactions among their multi-kingdom microbiome remain poorly understood. We conducted a nationwide single-mosquito meta-transcriptomic survey of 5,163 mosquitoes representing 100 species across China, integrating viral discovery with marker-gene profiling of bacteria, archaea, fungi, and other eukaryotic microbes. From this, we identified 1,606 microbial species-level taxa, including extensive novel diversity, and revealed pronounced host species-specific organization of mosquito-associated communities. We detected 34 pathogens or potential pathogens of human or animal relevance, whose prevalence, abundance, host range, and geographic distribution defined distinct epidemiological patterns. Network analysis uncovered pervasive cross-kingdom microbial associations, including candidate antiviral relationships involving Wolbachia and other microbial taxa. Our study establishes a detailed view of the full-spectrum microbiome and provides a resource and conceptual framework for studying vector competence, pathogen emergence, and microbiome-informed mosquito-borne disease control.
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BibTeX
@misc{gou2026multikingdom,
title = {{Multi-kingdom microbial diversity and interaction landscapes in mosquitoes revealed by 5,163 individual meta-transcriptomes}},
author = {Q.-Y. Gou and W.-C. Wu and P.-B. Shi and G.-Y. Luo and Y.-F. Pan and J. Wang and Y. Gao and K.-J. Liu and H.-L. Zhao and Y. Feng and K. Li and W.-H. Yang and D. Wu and S.-J. Le and G.-Y. Xin and M.-W. Peng and Y.-Q. Liao and C.-H. Yang and S.-Q. Mei and J.-M. Huang and J.-X. Cheng and X. Hou and J.-B. Kong and X.-X. Chen and B. Zhang and Z.-R. Ren and J.-H. Li and X. Jin and J. Wang and T.-Q. An and X.-Y. Huang and J. Cui and J.-S. Eden and G. Cheng and D.-Y. Guo and G.-D. Liang and E. C. Holmes and Z.-Q. Deng and M. Shi and D.-X. Wang},
howpublished = {bioRxiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.64898/2026.09.02.748197},
url = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.02.748197v1},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Multi-kingdom microbial diversity and interaction landscapes in mosquitoes revealed by 5,163 individual meta-transcriptomes
AU - Q.-Y. Gou
AU - W.-C. Wu
AU - P.-B. Shi
AU - G.-Y. Luo
AU - Y.-F. Pan
AU - J. Wang
AU - Y. Gao
AU - K.-J. Liu
AU - H.-L. Zhao
AU - Y. Feng
AU - K. Li
AU - W.-H. Yang
AU - D. Wu
AU - S.-J. Le
AU - G.-Y. Xin
AU - M.-W. Peng
AU - Y.-Q. Liao
AU - C.-H. Yang
AU - S.-Q. Mei
AU - J.-M. Huang
AU - J.-X. Cheng
AU - X. Hou
AU - J.-B. Kong
AU - X.-X. Chen
AU - B. Zhang
AU - Z.-R. Ren
AU - J.-H. Li
AU - X. Jin
AU - J. Wang
AU - T.-Q. An
AU - X.-Y. Huang
AU - J. Cui
AU - J.-S. Eden
AU - G. Cheng
AU - D.-Y. Guo
AU - G.-D. Liang
AU - E. C. Holmes
AU - Z.-Q. Deng
AU - M. Shi
AU - D.-X. Wang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/02
PB - bioRxiv
DO - 10.64898/2026.09.02.748197
UR - https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.02.748197v1
AB - Mosquitoes are pathogen vectors embedded within diverse microbial ecosystems. However, the nature and interactions among their multi-kingdom microbiome remain poorly understood. We conducted a nationwide single-mosquito meta-transcriptomic survey of 5,163 mosquitoes representing 100 species across China, integrating viral discovery with marker-gene profiling of bacteria, archaea, fungi, and other eukaryotic microbes. From this, we identified 1,606 microbial species-level taxa, including extensive novel diversity, and revealed pronounced host species-specific organization of mosquito-associated communities. We detected 34 pathogens or potential pathogens of human or animal relevance, whose prevalence, abundance, host range, and geographic distribution defined distinct epidemiological patterns. Network analysis uncovered pervasive cross-kingdom microbial associations, including candidate antiviral relationships involving Wolbachia and other microbial taxa. Our study establishes a detailed view of the full-spectrum microbiome and provides a resource and conceptual framework for studying vector competence, pathogen emergence, and microbiome-informed mosquito-borne disease control.
ER -