Engineering and Probing a One-Dimensional Dipolar Spin Ensemble in Diamond

Abstract

Dimensionality plays a central role in determining the collective behavior of interacting quantum systems. Engineering strongly interacting ensembles of solid-state spin defects in reduced dimensions remains a significant challenge at the interface between the applied and fundamental sciences. Here, we create and characterize a positionally disordered, quasi-one-dimensional spin chain in diamond, consisting of optically dark substitutional nitrogen defects (P1 centers) and optically addressable probe nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. Our approach exploits the preferential incorporation of nitrogen along step bunches formed during chemical vapor deposition to achieve both lateral and vertical confinement. Combining spatially resolved materials characterization with nanoscale quantum sensing, we establish the one-dimensional character of the optically dark, unpolarized P1 spin ensemble. We then use correlation spectroscopy to probe local spin autocorrelations and investigate infinite-temperature dipolar spin transport. Our results establish a materials-based route for engineering low-dimensional quantum spin systems.

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BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@misc{chen2026engineering,
  title = {{Engineering and Probing a One-Dimensional Dipolar Spin Ensemble in Diamond}},
  author = {Lingjie Chen and Shreyas Parthasarathy and Simon A. Meynell and Lillian B. Hughes Wyatt and Eveline Postelnicu and Haopu Yang and Zilin Wang and Weijie Wu and Winston V. Peloso and Casey K. Kim and Chris R. Laumann and Kunal Mukherjee and Norman Y. Yao and Ania C. Bleszynski Jayich},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.19496},
  eprint = {2609.19496},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.19496},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}

RIS

TY  - UNPB
TI  - Engineering and Probing a One-Dimensional Dipolar Spin Ensemble in Diamond
AU  - Lingjie Chen
AU  - Shreyas Parthasarathy
AU  - Simon A. Meynell
AU  - Lillian B. Hughes Wyatt
AU  - Eveline Postelnicu
AU  - Haopu Yang
AU  - Zilin Wang
AU  - Weijie Wu
AU  - Winston V. Peloso
AU  - Casey K. Kim
AU  - Chris R. Laumann
AU  - Kunal Mukherjee
AU  - Norman Y. Yao
AU  - Ania C. Bleszynski Jayich
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/16
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.19496
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.19496
AB  - Dimensionality plays a central role in determining the collective behavior of interacting quantum systems. Engineering strongly interacting ensembles of solid-state spin defects in reduced dimensions remains a significant challenge at the interface between the applied and fundamental sciences. Here, we create and characterize a positionally disordered, quasi-one-dimensional spin chain in diamond, consisting of optically dark substitutional nitrogen defects (P1 centers) and optically addressable probe nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. Our approach exploits the preferential incorporation of nitrogen along step bunches formed during chemical vapor deposition to achieve both lateral and vertical confinement. Combining spatially resolved materials characterization with nanoscale quantum sensing, we establish the one-dimensional character of the optically dark, unpolarized P1 spin ensemble. We then use correlation spectroscopy to probe local spin autocorrelations and investigate infinite-temperature dipolar spin transport. Our results establish a materials-based route for engineering low-dimensional quantum spin systems.
ER  -

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