Relatedness of Gardnerella prophages and their endolysins

Abstract

The Gardnerella genus includes a complex sub-taxonomy of bacterial species and subgroups which have been implicated in bacterial vaginosis. We analyzed G. leopoldii, G. swidsinski, G. piotii, and G. vaginalis genomes available in public databases and predicted proviral sequences using Cenote-Taker3. We clustered 266 prophage sequences into 140 viral genera level groupings that encode four distinct gene clusters and 19 different lysin proteins. Analysis of the bacterial and prophage sequence phylogenies reveals that while there were no specific prophage sequence lineages that infected each bacterial host, there is clustering of the prophage sequences by bacterial species within the Gardnerella genus.

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Cite

BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@misc{maust2026relatedness,
  title = {{Relatedness of Gardnerella prophages and their endolysins}},
  author = {B. S. Maust and K. A. Griswold and M. Khim and S. Subramanian and B. Staker and P. J. Myler and B. R. Kullin and A.-U. Happel and A. Varsani and H. B. Jaspan},
  howpublished = {bioRxiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.64898/2026.09.28.754664},
  url = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.28.754664v1},
  note = {CC BY},
}

RIS

TY  - UNPB
TI  - Relatedness of Gardnerella prophages and their endolysins
AU  - B. S. Maust
AU  - K. A. Griswold
AU  - M. Khim
AU  - S. Subramanian
AU  - B. Staker
AU  - P. J. Myler
AU  - B. R. Kullin
AU  - A.-U. Happel
AU  - A. Varsani
AU  - H. B. Jaspan
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/28
PB  - bioRxiv
DO  - 10.64898/2026.09.28.754664
UR  - https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.28.754664v1
AB  - The Gardnerella genus includes a complex sub-taxonomy of bacterial species and subgroups which have been implicated in bacterial vaginosis. We analyzed G. leopoldii, G. swidsinski, G. piotii, and G. vaginalis genomes available in public databases and predicted proviral sequences using Cenote-Taker3. We clustered 266 prophage sequences into 140 viral genera level groupings that encode four distinct gene clusters and 19 different lysin proteins. Analysis of the bacterial and prophage sequence phylogenies reveals that while there were no specific prophage sequence lineages that infected each bacterial host, there is clustering of the prophage sequences by bacterial species within the Gardnerella genus.
ER  -