Genomic epidemiology of human parvovirus B19 in Southern Brazil, 2015-2024.
11 affiliations
- 1Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde, Secretaria Estadual da Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- 2Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil.
- 3Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, CEP: 90050-170, Brazil.
- 4Divisão de Vigilância Epidemiológica, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde, Secretaria Estadual da Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- 5Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Recife, Brazil.
- 6Department of Arbovirology and Entomology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
- 7Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
- 8Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, CEP: 90050-170, Brazil. [email protected].
- 9Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde, Secretaria Estadual da Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. [email protected].
- 10Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, CEP: 90050-170, Brazil. [email protected].
- 11Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Bromatológicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil. [email protected].
Abstract
Background
Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) causes erythema infectiosum and, in severe cases, has been associated with hydrops fetalis and transient aplastic crises. Despite its clinical importance, particularly in vulnerable groups such as pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals, epidemiological and genomic data on B19V remain limited.Methods and results
We investigated 4,118 samples collected from patients with exanthematous illness in Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil, between 2015 and 2024 using serological and molecular testing, and developed an amplicon-based whole-genome sequencing protocol for B19V, generating 47 near-complete genomes. B19V was detected across all age groups, with a higher frequency among females (62.4%), and among adults aged 21-40 years. Viral circulation was detected year-round, with a modest increase in July and a more pronounced peak in September, consistent with Southern Hemisphere winter seasonality. Forty-one genomes from the 46 included in the dated phylogeny clustered in a single well-supported clade containing sequences from other Brazilian states, with Rio Grande do Sul sequences interspersed rather than forming a single lineage derived from one introduction. The remaining five genomes clustered with sequences from other regions of Brazil and Argentina. This phylogenetic pattern reflects sustained endemic circulation through repeated local transmission and is not adequately captured by current genotype-level classification systems.Conclusions
The findings of this study expand the genomic understanding of B19V in South America and provide important insights into its molecular epidemiology, seasonal patterns, and evolutionary history in Southern Brazil.
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BibTeX
@article{gregianini2026genomic,
title = {{Genomic epidemiology of human parvovirus B19 in Southern Brazil, 2015-2024.}},
author = {Tatiana Schaffer Gregianini and Thales de Lima Bermann and Érica Möllman and Fernanda Martiny and Helena Costa Munhós and Amanda Pellenz Ruivo and Milena Bauermann and Lara Crescente and Juliana Patzer and Ludmila Fiorenzano Baethgen and Zenaida Nunes and Gabriel da Luz Wallau and Ana Beatriz Gorini Veiga and Richard Steiner Salvato},
journal = {Molecular biology reports},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1007/s11033-026-13080-3},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42961512},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Genomic epidemiology of human parvovirus B19 in Southern Brazil, 2015-2024.
AU - Tatiana Schaffer Gregianini
AU - Thales de Lima Bermann
AU - Érica Möllman
AU - Fernanda Martiny
AU - Helena Costa Munhós
AU - Amanda Pellenz Ruivo
AU - Milena Bauermann
AU - Lara Crescente
AU - Juliana Patzer
AU - Ludmila Fiorenzano Baethgen
AU - Zenaida Nunes
AU - Gabriel da Luz Wallau
AU - Ana Beatriz Gorini Veiga
AU - Richard Steiner Salvato
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/30
JO - Molecular biology reports
DO - 10.1007/s11033-026-13080-3
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42961512
AB - Background Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) causes erythema infectiosum and, in severe cases, has been associated with hydrops fetalis and transient aplastic crises. Despite its clinical importance, particularly in vulnerable groups such as pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals, epidemiological and genomic data on B19V remain limited.Methods and results We investigated 4,118 samples collected from patients with exanthematous illness in Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil, between 2015 and 2024 using serological and molecular testing, and developed an amplicon-based whole-genome sequencing protocol for B19V, generating 47 near-complete genomes. B19V was detected across all age groups, with a higher frequency among females (62.4%), and among adults aged 21-40 years. Viral circulation was detected year-round, with a modest increase in July and a more pronounced peak in September, consistent with Southern Hemisphere winter seasonality. Forty-one genomes from the 46 included in the dated phylogeny clustered in a single well-supported clade containing sequences from other Brazilian states, with Rio Grande do Sul sequences interspersed rather than forming a single lineage derived from one introduction. The remaining five genomes clustered with sequences from other regions of Brazil and Argentina. This phylogenetic pattern reflects sustained endemic circulation through repeated local transmission and is not adequately captured by current genotype-level classification systems.Conclusions The findings of this study expand the genomic understanding of B19V in South America and provide important insights into its molecular epidemiology, seasonal patterns, and evolutionary history in Southern Brazil.
SN - 0301-4851
SN - 1573-4978
ER -