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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NCJournal of inflammation research

Nasal Secretion Multi-Omics Reveals Candidate Signatures for Noninvasive Endotyping of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.

  • Yunfei Wang1,2
  • Jianchao Cong1,2
  • Hao Lv1,2
  • Yulie Xie1,2
  • Mengting Guan1,2
  • Weiwei Lei1,2
  • Mengcheng Yu1,2
  • Hui Peng1,2
  • Yibin Sun1,2
  • Peiqiang Liu1,2,3
  • Yu Xu1,2,3,4
4 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
  2. 2Department of Rhinology and Allergy, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
  3. 3Research Institute of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
  4. 4Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract

Background

Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is biologically heterogeneous, yet practical noninvasive markers that distinguish eosinophilic CRSwNP (eCRSwNP) from non-eosinophilic CRSwNP (neCRSwNP) remain limited. We investigated nasal-secretion proteomic and metabolic features associated with tissue-defined endotypes in a small pilot cohort.Methods

Nasal secretions from controls (n = 5), eCRSwNP (n = 5), and neCRSwNP (n = 5) were analyzed by four-dimensional data-independent acquisition (4D-DIA) proteomics and untargeted metabolomics. An intersection-exclusion strategy was used to prioritize eCRSwNP-associated features across three pairwise comparisons. Candidate proteins were further ranked using apparent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) performance, effect size, exploratory multiple-testing support, and repeated leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV)-based penalized regression. Three proteins were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a separate same-center replication set (n = 9). Data Integration Analysis for Biomarker discovery using Latent cOmponents (DIABLO) was performed in nine matched eCRSwNP/neCRSwNP samples retained after metabolomic quality control.Results

Of 5874 proteins, 4609 passed filtering, and global principal component analysis showed limited separation among groups. The screening strategy prioritized 94 protein features and 28 putatively annotated metabolic features. A score based on tumor protein D52 (TPD52), eosinophil peroxidase (EPX), and transmembrane protein 263 (TMEM263) was higher in eCRSwNP than in neCRSwNP and controls, with concordant directional trends in the ELISA set. DIABLO retained these three proteins together with features putatively annotated as guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate and UDP-D-galactose. In the nine matched samples, the integrated model yielded an apparent area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.95 and a LOOCV error of 0.167; these estimates remain vulnerable to selection bias and overfitting.Conclusion

In this small, single-center study, nasal-secretion multi-omics identified molecular features associated with tissue-defined eCRSwNP. These findings are preliminary and require confirmation in larger independent cohorts using targeted quantification and paired tissue-level biological validation.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{wang2026nasal,
  title = {{Nasal Secretion Multi-Omics Reveals Candidate Signatures for Noninvasive Endotyping of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.}},
  author = {Yunfei Wang and Jianchao Cong and Hao Lv and Yulie Xie and Mengting Guan and Weiwei Lei and Mengcheng Yu and Hui Peng and Yibin Sun and Peiqiang Liu and Yu Xu},
  journal = {Journal of inflammation research},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.2147/jir.s621483},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42899174},
  note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Nasal Secretion Multi-Omics Reveals Candidate Signatures for Noninvasive Endotyping of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.
AU  - Yunfei Wang
AU  - Jianchao Cong
AU  - Hao Lv
AU  - Yulie Xie
AU  - Mengting Guan
AU  - Weiwei Lei
AU  - Mengcheng Yu
AU  - Hui Peng
AU  - Yibin Sun
AU  - Peiqiang Liu
AU  - Yu Xu
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/15
JO  - Journal of inflammation research
DO  - 10.2147/jir.s621483
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42899174
AB  - Background  Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is biologically heterogeneous, yet practical noninvasive markers that distinguish eosinophilic CRSwNP (eCRSwNP) from non-eosinophilic CRSwNP (neCRSwNP) remain limited. We investigated nasal-secretion proteomic and metabolic features associated with tissue-defined endotypes in a small pilot cohort.Methods  Nasal secretions from controls (n = 5), eCRSwNP (n = 5), and neCRSwNP (n = 5) were analyzed by four-dimensional data-independent acquisition (4D-DIA) proteomics and untargeted metabolomics. An intersection-exclusion strategy was used to prioritize eCRSwNP-associated features across three pairwise comparisons. Candidate proteins were further ranked using apparent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) performance, effect size, exploratory multiple-testing support, and repeated leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV)-based penalized regression. Three proteins were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a separate same-center replication set (n = 9). Data Integration Analysis for Biomarker discovery using Latent cOmponents (DIABLO) was performed in nine matched eCRSwNP/neCRSwNP samples retained after metabolomic quality control.Results  Of 5874 proteins, 4609 passed filtering, and global principal component analysis showed limited separation among groups. The screening strategy prioritized 94 protein features and 28 putatively annotated metabolic features. A score based on tumor protein D52 (TPD52), eosinophil peroxidase (EPX), and transmembrane protein 263 (TMEM263) was higher in eCRSwNP than in neCRSwNP and controls, with concordant directional trends in the ELISA set. DIABLO retained these three proteins together with features putatively annotated as guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate and UDP-D-galactose. In the nine matched samples, the integrated model yielded an apparent area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.95 and a LOOCV error of 0.167; these estimates remain vulnerable to selection bias and overfitting.Conclusion  In this small, single-center study, nasal-secretion multi-omics identified molecular features associated with tissue-defined eCRSwNP. These findings are preliminary and require confirmation in larger independent cohorts using targeted quantification and paired tissue-level biological validation.
SN  - 1178-7031
ER  -