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Peer-reviewedCC BYClinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)

Progesterone receptor variants and hormone therapy use in postmenopausal endometrial polyps: a case-control study.

  • Milton Wajman1
  • Marcos Tcherniakovsky2
  • Marina Martinelli Sonnenfeld2
  • Marta Maria Arcoverde Cavalcanti Meniconi2
  • Marília Franco de Oliveira3
  • Thomas Moscovitz2
  • Rogers Camargo Mariano da Silva2
  • César Eduardo Fernandes4
  • Emerson de Oliveira5
5 affiliations
  1. 1Video Endoscopy and Endometriosis Section of The Gynecology Department, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil. Electronic address: [email protected].
  2. 2Video Endoscopy and Endometriosis Section of The Gynecology Department, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
  3. 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
  4. 4Gynecology Department, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
  5. 5Urogynecology Section of The Gynecology Department, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
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Abstract

Objective

To investigate whether Progesterone Receptor (PGR) variants +331G/A (rs10895068) and V660L (rs1042838, a PROGINS proxy) are associated with Endometrial Polyps (EP) in postmenopausal women undergoing hysteroscopy.Methods

This exploratory case-control study included 236 histopathologically confirmed EP cases and 73 hysteroscopy-negative controls from the same institution and period, unmatched. All eligible hysteroscopy-negative women during the study period were included, with no declinations. Genotyping of +331G/A and V660L was performed by PCR-HRM. Genetic comparisons used two-sided tests and multivariable logistic regression, with minimum detectable odds ratios estimated for 80% power at α = 0.05. Hormone Therapy (HT) and tamoxifen use were recorded as binary variables reflecting current use at hysteroscopy.Results

Genotype distributions did not differ between groups for +331G/A (p = 0.245) or V660L (p = 0.435); call rates were 100% for both variants. Neither +331G/A nor V660L carrier status was significantly associated with EP after adjustment (aOR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.17-1.09, p = 0.074; and aOR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.31-1.11, p = 0.100, respectively). Current HT use was inversely associated with EP (aOR = 0.15, 95% CI 0.06-0.40; p < 0.001), though regimen data were unavailable. Genetic associations remained non-significant in the model excluding HT.Conclusion

Neither PGR variant was significantly associated with EP. The sample could detect only relatively large effects, so smaller genetic associations cannot be excluded. The inverse association with binary HT exposure is hypothesis-generating rather than causal, given incomplete exposure characterization and the possibility of selection or residual confounding.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{wajman2026progesterone,
  title = {{Progesterone receptor variants and hormone therapy use in postmenopausal endometrial polyps: a case-control study.}},
  author = {Milton Wajman and Marcos Tcherniakovsky and Marina Martinelli Sonnenfeld and Marta Maria Arcoverde Cavalcanti Meniconi and Marília Franco de Oliveira and Thomas Moscovitz and Rogers Camargo Mariano da Silva and César Eduardo Fernandes and Emerson de Oliveira},
  journal = {Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1016/j.clinsp.2026.101216},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42880132},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Progesterone receptor variants and hormone therapy use in postmenopausal endometrial polyps: a case-control study.
AU  - Milton Wajman
AU  - Marcos Tcherniakovsky
AU  - Marina Martinelli Sonnenfeld
AU  - Marta Maria Arcoverde Cavalcanti Meniconi
AU  - Marília Franco de Oliveira
AU  - Thomas Moscovitz
AU  - Rogers Camargo Mariano da Silva
AU  - César Eduardo Fernandes
AU  - Emerson de Oliveira
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/15
JO  - Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)
DO  - 10.1016/j.clinsp.2026.101216
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42880132
AB  - Objective  To investigate whether Progesterone Receptor (PGR) variants +331G/A (rs10895068) and V660L (rs1042838, a PROGINS proxy) are associated with Endometrial Polyps (EP) in postmenopausal women undergoing hysteroscopy.Methods  This exploratory case-control study included 236 histopathologically confirmed EP cases and 73 hysteroscopy-negative controls from the same institution and period, unmatched. All eligible hysteroscopy-negative women during the study period were included, with no declinations. Genotyping of +331G/A and V660L was performed by PCR-HRM. Genetic comparisons used two-sided tests and multivariable logistic regression, with minimum detectable odds ratios estimated for 80% power at α = 0.05. Hormone Therapy (HT) and tamoxifen use were recorded as binary variables reflecting current use at hysteroscopy.Results  Genotype distributions did not differ between groups for +331G/A (p = 0.245) or V660L (p = 0.435); call rates were 100% for both variants. Neither +331G/A nor V660L carrier status was significantly associated with EP after adjustment (aOR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.17-1.09, p = 0.074; and aOR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.31-1.11, p = 0.100, respectively). Current HT use was inversely associated with EP (aOR = 0.15, 95% CI 0.06-0.40; p < 0.001), though regimen data were unavailable. Genetic associations remained non-significant in the model excluding HT.Conclusion  Neither PGR variant was significantly associated with EP. The sample could detect only relatively large effects, so smaller genetic associations cannot be excluded. The inverse association with binary HT exposure is hypothesis-generating rather than causal, given incomplete exposure characterization and the possibility of selection or residual confounding.
SN  - 1807-5932
SN  - 1980-5322
ER  -