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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0ACS Omega

Optimal and Secure Operation of a μ-CHP Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System

  • Hangyu Yu1
  • Florian Bernard Berset1
  • Tafarel de Avila Ferreira2
  • Arne Sommerfeld3
  • Gregor Holstermann3
  • Cédric Frantz1
  • Philippe Aubin1
  • Guillaume Jeanmonod4
  • Ligang Wang5
  • Matthias Boltze3
  • Grégory François2
  • Jan Van herle1
5 affiliations
  1. 1Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL) , , Rue de l’Industrie 17 , , ,
  2. 2HES-SO Valais-Wallis , , ,
  3. 3New Enerday GmbH , Lindenstraße 45 , ,
  4. 4Hydro-Québec (IREQ) , , , ,
  5. 5North China Electric Power University , , ,
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Abstract

Performance optimization and operational safety of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems are crucial for long-term operation and lifespan prolongation. However, optimal and secure operation under real-world conditions remains challenging. This study demonstrates a fast constraint-adaptation real-time optimization methodology that optimizes the electrical and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) efficiencies of a μ-CHP SOFC system across power targets, using transient measurements and a simplified dynamic model despite significant plant-model mismatch. The algorithm converged to power targets within four iterations (15 min), achieving at least 5% relative improvement in electrical efficiency through multi-input manipulation. Optimizing CHP efficiency increased hot water production by 20%. The algorithm remained robust against natural gas grid fluctuations and programmed control-subsystem interruptions while maintaining secure operation without safety shutdowns, demonstrating its maturity for optimal and safe operation of real-world SOFC systems.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{yu2026optimal,
  title = {{Optimal and Secure Operation of a μ-CHP Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System}},
  author = {Hangyu Yu and Florian Bernard Berset and Tafarel de Avila Ferreira and Arne Sommerfeld and Gregor Holstermann and Cédric Frantz and Philippe Aubin and Guillaume Jeanmonod and Ligang Wang and Matthias Boltze and Grégory François and Jan Van herle},
  journal = {ACS Omega},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1021/acsomega.6c08789},
  url = {https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/doi/10.1021/acsomega.6c08789/5454802/Optimal-and-Secure-Operation-of-a-CHP-Solid-Oxide},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Optimal and Secure Operation of a μ-CHP Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System
AU  - Hangyu Yu
AU  - Florian Bernard Berset
AU  - Tafarel de Avila Ferreira
AU  - Arne Sommerfeld
AU  - Gregor Holstermann
AU  - Cédric Frantz
AU  - Philippe Aubin
AU  - Guillaume Jeanmonod
AU  - Ligang Wang
AU  - Matthias Boltze
AU  - Grégory François
AU  - Jan Van herle
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/20
JO  - ACS Omega
DO  - 10.1021/acsomega.6c08789
UR  - https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/doi/10.1021/acsomega.6c08789/5454802/Optimal-and-Secure-Operation-of-a-CHP-Solid-Oxide
AB  - Performance optimization and operational safety of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems are crucial for long-term operation and lifespan prolongation. However, optimal and secure operation under real-world conditions remains challenging. This study demonstrates a fast constraint-adaptation real-time optimization methodology that optimizes the electrical and combined-heat-and-power (CHP) efficiencies of a μ-CHP SOFC system across power targets, using transient measurements and a simplified dynamic model despite significant plant-model mismatch. The algorithm converged to power targets within four iterations (15 min), achieving at least 5% relative improvement in electrical efficiency through multi-input manipulation. Optimizing CHP efficiency increased hot water production by 20%. The algorithm remained robust against natural gas grid fluctuations and programmed control-subsystem interruptions while maintaining secure operation without safety shutdowns, demonstrating its maturity for optimal and safe operation of real-world SOFC systems.
SN  - 2470-1343
ER  -