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PreprintCC BY 4.0arXiv

Constraining Lorentz symmetry breaking in bumblebee gravity with extreme mass-ratio inspirals

  • Sheng Long
  • Zhong-wu Xia
  • Huajie Gong
  • Zhoujian Cao
  • Qiyuan Pan
  • Jiliang Jing
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Abstract

Extreme mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs), with their long-lived and highly relativistic orbital evolution, can probe strong-field spacetime geometry and provide an important means to test general relativity. In this work, we investigate EMRI waveforms in a Schwarzschild-like black hole spacetime arising in bumblebee gravity, where Lorentz symmetry breaking (LSB) is characterized by a dimensionless parameter ℓ. We construct EMRI waveforms within the Augmented Analytic Kludge (AAK) framework using the modified orbital frequencies and fluxes. We find that ℓ significantly affects the orbital evolution and thereby modifies the waveform. These modifications grow with increasing ℓ and are further enhanced for more eccentric orbits. Furthermore, using Bayesian analysis, we obtain the posterior distributions of EMRI with the parameter ℓ included. Our results show that all injected source parameters are recovered within their 1 σ credible intervals. We find that the bumblebee parameter ℓ can be constrained with an uncertainty of order 𝒪(10−4) by LISA.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{long2026constraining,
  title = {{Constraining Lorentz symmetry breaking in bumblebee gravity with extreme mass-ratio inspirals}},
  author = {Sheng Long and Zhong-wu Xia and Huajie Gong and Zhoujian Cao and Qiyuan Pan and Jiliang Jing},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2605.05362},
  eprint = {2605.05362},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.05362},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Constraining Lorentz symmetry breaking in bumblebee gravity with extreme mass-ratio inspirals
AU  - Sheng Long
AU  - Zhong-wu Xia
AU  - Huajie Gong
AU  - Zhoujian Cao
AU  - Qiyuan Pan
AU  - Jiliang Jing
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/01
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2605.05362
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.05362
AB  - Extreme mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs), with their long-lived and highly relativistic orbital evolution, can probe strong-field spacetime geometry and provide an important means to test general relativity. In this work, we investigate EMRI waveforms in a Schwarzschild-like black hole spacetime arising in bumblebee gravity, where Lorentz symmetry breaking (LSB) is characterized by a dimensionless parameter ℓ. We construct EMRI waveforms within the Augmented Analytic Kludge (AAK) framework using the modified orbital frequencies and fluxes. We find that ℓ significantly affects the orbital evolution and thereby modifies the waveform. These modifications grow with increasing ℓ and are further enhanced for more eccentric orbits. Furthermore, using Bayesian analysis, we obtain the posterior distributions of EMRI with the parameter ℓ included. Our results show that all injected source parameters are recovered within their 1 σ credible intervals. We find that the bumblebee parameter ℓ can be constrained with an uncertainty of order 𝒪(10^−4) by LISA.
ER  -