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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Frontiers in Endocrinology

Long term (over five-year) outcomes of thermal ablation vs surgical resection for T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma in danger triangle: a propensity-matched dual-center study

  • Danling Zhang1
  • Sheng Chen2
  • Jianchuan Yang3
  • Yuhan Qiu3
  • Zhenlong Zhao4
  • Lingpeng Tang3
  • Ting Hu3
  • Ming-an Yu4
  • Songsong Wu3
4 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Ultrasonography, Shengli Clinical college of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
  2. 2Department of Ultrasonography, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital
  3. 3Department of Ultrasonography, Shengli Clinical college of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital
  4. 4Department of Interventional Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
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Abstract

Objective: To evaluate long-term efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided Thermal Ablation(TA) versus Surgical Resection(SR) for T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma in the thyroid danger triangle.

Materials and methods: This dual-center retrospective study included patients treated with TA or SR between September 2016 and April 2020. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance baseline characteristics. Outcomes included overall disease progression (Regional lymph node metastasis, local tumor progression (LTP), residual tumor, distant metastasis), disease-free survival (DFS), complication rates, hospital stay duration, procedure time, blood loss.

Results: After PSM, 84 patients (age 46.06 ± 10.64; 16 males) in the SR group and 84 patients(age 44.25 ± 12.67; 14 males) in the TA group were observed for a median of 67 months (range, 60–83months) and 68 months (range, 60–105 months), respectively. No significant differences were observed in overall disease progression (6.0% vs 4.8%, P = 0.732), Regional lymph node metastasis (1.2% vs 3.6%, P = 0.306),local tumor progression (LTP) (3.6% vs 1.2%, P = 0.173), or DFS (94% vs 95.2%, P = 0.898). Compared with SR, the TA group had significantly lower complication rates (6.0% vs 16.7%, P = 0.049), shorter hospital stays (median 1 vs 3.3 days, P<0.001), reduced procedure time (23 vs 82 min, P<0.001), less blood loss (1.94 vs 19.76 mL, P<0.001).

Conclusion: Thermal ablation demonstrated no statistically significant difference in long-term oncologic outcomes compared with surgery for T1N0M0 PTC in the thyroid danger triangle, while offering fewer complications and faster recovery.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{zhang2026long,
  title = {{Long term (over five-year) outcomes of thermal ablation vs surgical resection for T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma in danger triangle: a propensity-matched dual-center study}},
  author = {Danling Zhang and Sheng Chen and Jianchuan Yang and Yuhan Qiu and Zhenlong Zhao and Lingpeng Tang and Ting Hu and Ming-an Yu and Songsong Wu},
  journal = {Frontiers in Endocrinology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fendo.2026.1887923},
  url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.1887923/full},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Long term (over five-year) outcomes of thermal ablation vs surgical resection for T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma in danger triangle: a propensity-matched dual-center study
AU  - Danling Zhang
AU  - Sheng Chen
AU  - Jianchuan Yang
AU  - Yuhan Qiu
AU  - Zhenlong Zhao
AU  - Lingpeng Tang
AU  - Ting Hu
AU  - Ming-an Yu
AU  - Songsong Wu
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/19
JO  - Frontiers in Endocrinology
DO  - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1887923
UR  - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.1887923/full
AB  - Objective: To evaluate long-term efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided Thermal Ablation(TA) versus Surgical Resection(SR) for T1N0M0 papillary thyroid carcinoma in the thyroid danger triangle.  Materials and methods: This dual-center retrospective study included patients treated with TA or SR between September 2016 and April 2020. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance baseline characteristics. Outcomes included overall disease progression (Regional lymph node metastasis, local tumor progression (LTP), residual tumor, distant metastasis), disease-free survival (DFS), complication rates, hospital stay duration, procedure time, blood loss.  Results: After PSM, 84 patients (age 46.06 ± 10.64; 16 males) in the SR group and 84 patients(age 44.25 ± 12.67; 14 males) in the TA group were observed for a median of 67 months (range, 60–83months) and 68 months (range, 60–105 months), respectively. No significant differences were observed in overall disease progression (6.0% vs 4.8%, P = 0.732), Regional lymph node metastasis (1.2% vs 3.6%, P = 0.306),local tumor progression (LTP) (3.6% vs 1.2%, P = 0.173), or DFS (94% vs 95.2%, P = 0.898). Compared with SR, the TA group had significantly lower complication rates (6.0% vs 16.7%, P = 0.049), shorter hospital stays (median 1 vs 3.3 days, P<0.001), reduced procedure time (23 vs 82 min, P<0.001), less blood loss (1.94 vs 19.76 mL, P<0.001).  Conclusion: Thermal ablation demonstrated no statistically significant difference in long-term oncologic outcomes compared with surgery for T1N0M0 PTC in the thyroid danger triangle, while offering fewer complications and faster recovery.
SN  - 1664-2392
ER  -