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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Frontiers in Endocrinology

Indocyanine green alters intraoperative parathyroid hormone measurements: a timing-dependent effect

  • Chia-Hsing Sung1
  • Shih-Ming Huang2
  • Ruei-Jhong Ye1
  • Pei-Jhu Shih1
  1. 1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital
  2. 2Division of Thyroid Surgery, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital
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Abstract

Background: Intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) angiography and intraoperative parathyroid hormone (ioPTH) monitoring are widely used in thyroid surgery, yet analytical interference by ICG remains poorly characterized. This study quantitatively evaluated ICG-induced immunoassay distortions.

Methods: The study included paired in vitro spiking experiments (n = 6) and an in vivo thyroidectomy cohort (n = 6) with serial sampling during paused surgical dissection. Exploratory cross-platform analysis included paired perioperative samples from one patient and additional in vitro testing of three independent specimens.

Results: ICG caused significant false-positive elevations. In vitro , the median of individual fold-increases was 5.98 for PTH (1–84) and 3.34 for i-PTH (p = 0.031), producing an abnormal diagnostic ratio inversion (PTH (1–84)/i-PTH > 1.0). In vivo , measured levels peaked at 3 minutes post-injection (234.8% of baseline for 1–84 PTH; 146.1% for i-PTH) and approached baseline within 20 to 30 minutes (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Intravenous ICG can transiently distort ioPTH measurements and may lead to misleading interpretation during thyroid surgery. Whenever feasible, baseline ioPTH should be obtained before ICG administration. The observed return toward baseline within approximately 20 to 30 minutes is preliminary and requires validation before a post-ICG sampling interval can be recommended.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{sung2026indocyanine,
  title = {{Indocyanine green alters intraoperative parathyroid hormone measurements: a timing-dependent effect}},
  author = {Chia-Hsing Sung and Shih-Ming Huang and Ruei-Jhong Ye and Pei-Jhu Shih},
  journal = {Frontiers in Endocrinology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fendo.2026.1981095},
  url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.1981095/full},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Indocyanine green alters intraoperative parathyroid hormone measurements: a timing-dependent effect
AU  - Chia-Hsing Sung
AU  - Shih-Ming Huang
AU  - Ruei-Jhong Ye
AU  - Pei-Jhu Shih
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/21
JO  - Frontiers in Endocrinology
DO  - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1981095
UR  - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.1981095/full
AB  - Background: Intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) angiography and intraoperative parathyroid hormone (ioPTH) monitoring are widely used in thyroid surgery, yet analytical interference by ICG remains poorly characterized. This study quantitatively evaluated ICG-induced immunoassay distortions.  Methods: The study included paired in vitro spiking experiments (n = 6) and an in vivo thyroidectomy cohort (n = 6) with serial sampling during paused surgical dissection. Exploratory cross-platform analysis included paired perioperative samples from one patient and additional in vitro testing of three independent specimens.  Results: ICG caused significant false-positive elevations. In vitro , the median of individual fold-increases was 5.98 for PTH (1–84) and 3.34 for i-PTH (p = 0.031), producing an abnormal diagnostic ratio inversion (PTH (1–84)/i-PTH > 1.0). In vivo , measured levels peaked at 3 minutes post-injection (234.8% of baseline for 1–84 PTH; 146.1% for i-PTH) and approached baseline within 20 to 30 minutes (p > 0.05).  Conclusion: Intravenous ICG can transiently distort ioPTH measurements and may lead to misleading interpretation during thyroid surgery. Whenever feasible, baseline ioPTH should be obtained before ICG administration. The observed return toward baseline within approximately 20 to 30 minutes is preliminary and requires validation before a post-ICG sampling interval can be recommended.
SN  - 1664-2392
ER  -