Vortex structures in momentum distributions from multi-pair production
Abstract
The vortex structures in the momentum distributions of multiple particle-antiparticle pairs produced from the vacuum by a spatially uniform, time-varying electric field with arbitrary polarization are investigated using the Bogoliubov transformation. For linearly polarized fields, as the field strength increases, the nodal lines in the multi-pair momentum distribution break up into vortex-antivortex pairs in both the bosonic and fermionic cases. Each vortex carries a topological charge that is an integer multiple of the single-pair vortex topological charge. For circular polarization, a central vortex appears at all field strengths. For bosons, its topological charge is an integer multiple of the single-pair vortex topological charge; for fermions, it is an integer multiple of the vortex topological charge for single-pair production with zero total spin projection along the field propagation direction. For elliptical polarization with suitable ellipticity, discrete vortices coexist with a central vortex. In this case, however, the integer-multiple relation for fermions generally fails because the two-pair production amplitude is a determinant and spin-channel contributions are separated in momentum space. These results provide a theoretical basis for understanding the vortex topology of multi-pair production in strong-field QED and for its potential control.
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BibTeX
@misc{li2026vortex,
title = {{Vortex structures in momentum distributions from multi-pair production}},
author = {Z. L. Li and R. Z. Jiang},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.16976},
eprint = {2610.16976},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.16976},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Vortex structures in momentum distributions from multi-pair production
AU - Z. L. Li
AU - R. Z. Jiang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/12
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.16976
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.16976
AB - The vortex structures in the momentum distributions of multiple particle-antiparticle pairs produced from the vacuum by a spatially uniform, time-varying electric field with arbitrary polarization are investigated using the Bogoliubov transformation. For linearly polarized fields, as the field strength increases, the nodal lines in the multi-pair momentum distribution break up into vortex-antivortex pairs in both the bosonic and fermionic cases. Each vortex carries a topological charge that is an integer multiple of the single-pair vortex topological charge. For circular polarization, a central vortex appears at all field strengths. For bosons, its topological charge is an integer multiple of the single-pair vortex topological charge; for fermions, it is an integer multiple of the vortex topological charge for single-pair production with zero total spin projection along the field propagation direction. For elliptical polarization with suitable ellipticity, discrete vortices coexist with a central vortex. In this case, however, the integer-multiple relation for fermions generally fails because the two-pair production amplitude is a determinant and spin-channel contributions are separated in momentum space. These results provide a theoretical basis for understanding the vortex topology of multi-pair production in strong-field QED and for its potential control.
ER -