Direct Charge-4e Superconductivity by Mobilizing Bound Quartets
Abstract
A direct charge-4e superconductor exhibits coherent four-electron order without condensation in any charge-2e pairing channel. We establish three complementary results. First, a particle-number-conserving Hamiltonian with electron hopping and two-body interactions moves bound quartets efficiently: for electron- and pair-hopping amplitudes t and K and local gap U0, virtual pair transfer produces quartet hopping at order K2/U0, whereas electron hopping alone contributes only at order t4/U03. Second, the microscopic theory identifies an exactly solvable parent Hamiltonian at the phase-separation boundary. Its ground state combines quartet off-diagonal long-range order and finite phase stiffness without pair condensation, while rigorous bounds establish quartet order beyond the parent in a family with explicit quartet transfer. Third, a single convergent strong-coupling expansion simultaneously controls quartet kinetics and thermodynamic stability and rules out condensation in every pair channel of the microscopic model. On bipartite hypercubic lattices at half quartet filling, it yields a parametrically controlled homogeneous phase for d≥2, with quartet order, a linear collective mode, and gapped charge-2e excitations. Virtual pair transfer thus enables a direct charge-4e superconducting ground state without pair condensation.
Related
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BibTeX
@misc{jin2026direct,
title = {{Direct Charge-4e Superconductivity by Mobilizing Bound Quartets}},
author = {Jin-Tao Jin and Pengfei Li and Yi Zhou},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.24445},
eprint = {2609.24445},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.24445},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Direct Charge-4e Superconductivity by Mobilizing Bound Quartets
AU - Jin-Tao Jin
AU - Pengfei Li
AU - Yi Zhou
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/12
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.24445
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.24445
AB - A direct charge-4e superconductor exhibits coherent four-electron order without condensation in any charge-2e pairing channel. We establish three complementary results. First, a particle-number-conserving Hamiltonian with electron hopping and two-body interactions moves bound quartets efficiently: for electron- and pair-hopping amplitudes t and K and local gap U_0, virtual pair transfer produces quartet hopping at order K^2/U_0, whereas electron hopping alone contributes only at order t^4/U_0^3. Second, the microscopic theory identifies an exactly solvable parent Hamiltonian at the phase-separation boundary. Its ground state combines quartet off-diagonal long-range order and finite phase stiffness without pair condensation, while rigorous bounds establish quartet order beyond the parent in a family with explicit quartet transfer. Third, a single convergent strong-coupling expansion simultaneously controls quartet kinetics and thermodynamic stability and rules out condensation in every pair channel of the microscopic model. On bipartite hypercubic lattices at half quartet filling, it yields a parametrically controlled homogeneous phase for d≥2, with quartet order, a linear collective mode, and gapped charge-2e excitations. Virtual pair transfer thus enables a direct charge-4e superconducting ground state without pair condensation.
ER -