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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Polymers

Direct Ink Writing 3D Printing of Anisotropic Superhydrophobic/Superelastic Porous Silicone Rubber for Recyclable Dichloromethane Absorption

  • Longtao Ge1,2
  • Zhoukun He1,2
  • Lin Deng1,2
  • Zhijun Wang2
  • Qiang Guo3,4
  • David Hui5
  • Wei Feng1
  • Qingyuan Wang1,2,6
  • Xiaorong Lan3,4,7,8
  • Jiayan Mao9
9 affiliations
  1. 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
  2. 2Institute for Advanced Study, Research Center of Composites & Surface and Interface Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
  3. 3Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
  4. 4Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
  5. 5Department of Mechanical Engineering, LSU New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA
  6. 6Failure Mechanics and Engineering Disaster Prevention Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
  7. 7Basic Medicine Research Innovation Center for Cardiometabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
  8. 8Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
  9. 9Department of Nephrology and Institute of Nephrology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan Clinical Research Centre for Kidney Diseases, Chengdu 610072, China
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Abstract

Special wettability on biological surfaces generally arises from the synergy between hierarchical microstructures and surface chemistry, providing inspiration for biomimetic superhydrophobic materials. However, conventional fabrication strategies often involve complex procedures or expensive molds, limiting the precise construction of ordered microstructures. Herein, direct ink writing (DIW) 3D printing was used to fabricate polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based porous silicone rubber with integrated anisotropic surface wettability (ASW), superhydrophobicity, superelasticity, and dichloromethane (DCM) absorption performance. By regulating printing speed, pneumatic pressure, and nozzle angle, porous silicone rubber with well-defined anisotropic microstructures was constructed. The DIW-printed porous silicone rubber exhibited pronounced ASW and superhydrophobicity. The material maintained structural integrity under compressive strain and rapidly recovered its original shape after unloading. After 1000 cycles of tensile and compressive loading, the tensile strength decreased while the compressive strength showed no significant degradation, demonstrating excellent superelasticity and low energy dissipation. The DIW sample showed faster DCM uptake within 30 min, compared with conventional hot-pressed PDMS materials, whereas the equilibrium adsorption capacities of both materials after one day of exposure were comparable. Meanwhile, the DIW sample exhibited excellent stability during cyclic DCM absorption. In addition, the material maintained stable DCM absorption performance under contaminated conditions and at different temperatures. This study provides a new strategy for fabricating multifunctional intelligent porous elastomers via 3D printing, and the prepared material shows possible applications in DCM–water separation and potential applications in waterproof materials and porous biomedical materials.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{ge2026direct,
  title = {{Direct Ink Writing 3D Printing of Anisotropic Superhydrophobic/Superelastic Porous Silicone Rubber for Recyclable Dichloromethane Absorption}},
  author = {Longtao Ge and Zhoukun He and Lin Deng and Zhijun Wang and Qiang Guo and David Hui and Wei Feng and Qingyuan Wang and Xiaorong Lan and Jiayan Mao},
  journal = {Polymers},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.3390/polym18212714},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/21/2714},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Direct Ink Writing 3D Printing of Anisotropic Superhydrophobic/Superelastic Porous Silicone Rubber for Recyclable Dichloromethane Absorption
AU  - Longtao Ge
AU  - Zhoukun He
AU  - Lin Deng
AU  - Zhijun Wang
AU  - Qiang Guo
AU  - David Hui
AU  - Wei Feng
AU  - Qingyuan Wang
AU  - Xiaorong Lan
AU  - Jiayan Mao
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/02
JO  - Polymers
DO  - 10.3390/polym18212714
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/21/2714
AB  - Special wettability on biological surfaces generally arises from the synergy between hierarchical microstructures and surface chemistry, providing inspiration for biomimetic superhydrophobic materials. However, conventional fabrication strategies often involve complex procedures or expensive molds, limiting the precise construction of ordered microstructures. Herein, direct ink writing (DIW) 3D printing was used to fabricate polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based porous silicone rubber with integrated anisotropic surface wettability (ASW), superhydrophobicity, superelasticity, and dichloromethane (DCM) absorption performance. By regulating printing speed, pneumatic pressure, and nozzle angle, porous silicone rubber with well-defined anisotropic microstructures was constructed. The DIW-printed porous silicone rubber exhibited pronounced ASW and superhydrophobicity. The material maintained structural integrity under compressive strain and rapidly recovered its original shape after unloading. After 1000 cycles of tensile and compressive loading, the tensile strength decreased while the compressive strength showed no significant degradation, demonstrating excellent superelasticity and low energy dissipation. The DIW sample showed faster DCM uptake within 30 min, compared with conventional hot-pressed PDMS materials, whereas the equilibrium adsorption capacities of both materials after one day of exposure were comparable. Meanwhile, the DIW sample exhibited excellent stability during cyclic DCM absorption. In addition, the material maintained stable DCM absorption performance under contaminated conditions and at different temperatures. This study provides a new strategy for fabricating multifunctional intelligent porous elastomers via 3D printing, and the prepared material shows possible applications in DCM–water separation and potential applications in waterproof materials and porous biomedical materials.
SN  - 2073-4360
ER  -