Evidence for Three-component Interlayer Coherent Exciton Condensation
Abstract
Increasing the number of internal components in a quantum many-body system can host collective orders inaccessible to simpler settings. Quantum Hall bilayers provide a canonical realization of interlayer exciton condensation, yet extending such coherence across three independently addressable electronic fluids has remained elusive. Here we report evidence for three-component interlayer coherent exciton condensation in triple-layer graphene system. Using Rydberg excitons in an adjacent WSe2 monolayer as a layer-sensitive optical probe, we resolve interaction-induced incompressibility at zeroth-Landau-level crossings for all three pairwise layer combinations, establishing top-middle, middle-bottom and top-bottom exciton condensate channels within the same device. Independent control of displacement field and interlayer bias continuously tunes these pairwise states towards a regime where Landau levels from all three layers approach simultaneous degeneracy. At their convergence, incompressibility persists while the exciton energy and spectral weight evolve smoothly between the pairwise limits, suggesting coherent participation of all three layers in a single three-component state. More broadly, the ability to independently control layer potentials and engineer interlayer interactions establishes multilayer graphene as a programmable synthetic dimension for exploring higher-component quantum Hall order and simulating strongly correlated quantum matter.
Related
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BibTeX
@misc{du2026evidence,
title = {{Evidence for Three-component Interlayer Coherent Exciton Condensation}},
author = {Subi Du and Xiaohan Zhang and Hongxi Song and Siyu Fan and Yiduo Wang and Zhenyu Wang and Song Liu and Kenji Watanabe and Takashi Taniguchi and Jiangping Hu and Yang Xu},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = aug,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2608.28338},
eprint = {2608.28338},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.28338},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Evidence for Three-component Interlayer Coherent Exciton Condensation
AU - Subi Du
AU - Xiaohan Zhang
AU - Hongxi Song
AU - Siyu Fan
AU - Yiduo Wang
AU - Zhenyu Wang
AU - Song Liu
AU - Kenji Watanabe
AU - Takashi Taniguchi
AU - Jiangping Hu
AU - Yang Xu
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/08/28
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2608.28338
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.28338
AB - Increasing the number of internal components in a quantum many-body system can host collective orders inaccessible to simpler settings. Quantum Hall bilayers provide a canonical realization of interlayer exciton condensation, yet extending such coherence across three independently addressable electronic fluids has remained elusive. Here we report evidence for three-component interlayer coherent exciton condensation in triple-layer graphene system. Using Rydberg excitons in an adjacent WSe2 monolayer as a layer-sensitive optical probe, we resolve interaction-induced incompressibility at zeroth-Landau-level crossings for all three pairwise layer combinations, establishing top-middle, middle-bottom and top-bottom exciton condensate channels within the same device. Independent control of displacement field and interlayer bias continuously tunes these pairwise states towards a regime where Landau levels from all three layers approach simultaneous degeneracy. At their convergence, incompressibility persists while the exciton energy and spectral weight evolve smoothly between the pairwise limits, suggesting coherent participation of all three layers in a single three-component state. More broadly, the ability to independently control layer potentials and engineer interlayer interactions establishes multilayer graphene as a programmable synthetic dimension for exploring higher-component quantum Hall order and simulating strongly correlated quantum matter.
ER -