Native hyphal alignment enables spatially anisotropic functions in Pleurotus eryngii-derived membranes for guided bone regeneration
5 affiliations
- 1Department of Stomatology, Institute of Oral Science, Shenzhen Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital & Shenzhen Otolaryngology Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- 2Center for Intelligent Biomedical Materials and Devices (BMD), Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
- 3Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- 4The Department of Ophthalmology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- 5Translational Clinical Immunology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
Abstract
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes are required to coordinate mechanical support, osteogenic cell regulation, and soft-tissue exclusion across different spatial directions. Hierarchical architectures with spatial heterogeneity and anisotropy may therefore better accommodate these direction-dependent functional requirements. However, bottom-up construction of such architectures often relies on specialized equipment and complex multistep fabrication. By contrast, biological tissues spontaneously develop intricate heterogeneous and hierarchical structures during growth, providing unique value for the top-down construction of architecture-driven biomaterials. The widely cultivated Pleurotus eryngii has hyphal cell walls composed mainly of chitin and β-glucan, while its fruiting-body stipe exhibits a pronounced longitudinal organization and a robust morphology amenable to sectioning, making it suitable for generating distinct structural presentations simply by changing the cutting orientation. In this study, cross-cut (Tr-C) and longitudinal-cut (Tr-L) membranes were prepared from P. eryngii stipes using the same combined chemical-enzymatic treatment, which substantially reduced cell-associated residues while preserving recognizable tubular hyphal architecture. Tr-C and Tr-L exhibited similar overall chemical characteristics, yet the structural differences introduced by cutting orientation resulted in clearly distinct functional states. Tr-L showed more pronounced directional wet-state mechanical behavior, stronger contact guidance of MC3T3-E1 cells, enhanced osteogenesis-related phenotypes, and greater fibroblast exclusion across the membrane thickness. In contrast, Tr-C exhibited faster liquid infiltration and greater hydration capacity. The two membrane architectures also induced distinct macrophage response patterns under inflammatory stimulation. In a rat calvarial defect model, Tr-L promoted more pronounced centripetal new bone formation. These findings demonstrate that different structural presentations of the same native hyphal network can generate membrane-scale functional anisotropy, highlighting the value of native hyphal organization for constructing GBR membranes with spatially differentiated functions.
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BibTeX
@article{chen2026native,
title = {{Native hyphal alignment enables spatially anisotropic functions in Pleurotus eryngii-derived membranes for guided bone regeneration}},
author = {Xiao Chen and Xiao Chen and Nihang Dong and Hanbo Hou and Yang Li and Haipeng He and Jiamin Huang and Hongwen Li and Jiang Chen and Jiang Chen and Quanli Li},
journal = {Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3389/fcell.2026.1997731},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2026.1997731},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Native hyphal alignment enables spatially anisotropic functions in Pleurotus eryngii-derived membranes for guided bone regeneration
AU - Xiao Chen
AU - Xiao Chen
AU - Nihang Dong
AU - Hanbo Hou
AU - Yang Li
AU - Haipeng He
AU - Jiamin Huang
AU - Hongwen Li
AU - Jiang Chen
AU - Jiang Chen
AU - Quanli Li
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/23
JO - Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
DO - 10.3389/fcell.2026.1997731
UR - https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2026.1997731
AB - Guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes are required to coordinate mechanical support, osteogenic cell regulation, and soft-tissue exclusion across different spatial directions. Hierarchical architectures with spatial heterogeneity and anisotropy may therefore better accommodate these direction-dependent functional requirements. However, bottom-up construction of such architectures often relies on specialized equipment and complex multistep fabrication. By contrast, biological tissues spontaneously develop intricate heterogeneous and hierarchical structures during growth, providing unique value for the top-down construction of architecture-driven biomaterials. The widely cultivated Pleurotus eryngii has hyphal cell walls composed mainly of chitin and β-glucan, while its fruiting-body stipe exhibits a pronounced longitudinal organization and a robust morphology amenable to sectioning, making it suitable for generating distinct structural presentations simply by changing the cutting orientation. In this study, cross-cut (Tr-C) and longitudinal-cut (Tr-L) membranes were prepared from P. eryngii stipes using the same combined chemical-enzymatic treatment, which substantially reduced cell-associated residues while preserving recognizable tubular hyphal architecture. Tr-C and Tr-L exhibited similar overall chemical characteristics, yet the structural differences introduced by cutting orientation resulted in clearly distinct functional states. Tr-L showed more pronounced directional wet-state mechanical behavior, stronger contact guidance of MC3T3-E1 cells, enhanced osteogenesis-related phenotypes, and greater fibroblast exclusion across the membrane thickness. In contrast, Tr-C exhibited faster liquid infiltration and greater hydration capacity. The two membrane architectures also induced distinct macrophage response patterns under inflammatory stimulation. In a rat calvarial defect model, Tr-L promoted more pronounced centripetal new bone formation. These findings demonstrate that different structural presentations of the same native hyphal network can generate membrane-scale functional anisotropy, highlighting the value of native hyphal organization for constructing GBR membranes with spatially differentiated functions.
SN - 2296-634X
ER -