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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Frontiers in Immunology

Application and future prospects of bispecific antibodies in the treatment of colorectal cancer

  • Kai Long1
  • Yihua Zeng2
  • Chao Chen3
  • Qipeng Yao4
4 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Health Management Center & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
  2. 2Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University
  3. 3Department of Thyroid Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
  4. 4Department of Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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Abstract

Over the past decade, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has continued to rise, imposing a substantial disease burden on both patients and society. Improvements in treatment strategies—including surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy—have significantly improved clinical outcomes. Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors, has shown promising efficacy in rectal cancer studies. Nevertheless, multiple CRC subtypes are still hindered by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, the development of therapeutic resistance, and low response rates to immunotherapy, collectively limiting further gains in clinical benefit. As an emerging therapeutic modality, bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) possess two binding specificities, enabling them to bind simultaneously to the same or different antigens, thereby generating multifaceted anti-tumor effects. Therefore, BsAbs can help overcome treatment resistance and potentiate antitumor immune responses. To date, numerous BsAbs have been used in clinical trials to assess their safety and efficacy across diverse CRC subtypes. This review summarizes the main classes of BsAbs used for CRC treatment, focusing on their mechanisms of action and recent advances in clinical research. We further discuss existing challenges for BsAbs and the potential strategies.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{long2026application,
  title = {{Application and future prospects of bispecific antibodies in the treatment of colorectal cancer}},
  author = {Kai Long and Yihua Zeng and Chao Chen and Qipeng Yao},
  journal = {Frontiers in Immunology},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.3389/fimmu.2026.1995473},
  url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1995473/full},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Application and future prospects of bispecific antibodies in the treatment of colorectal cancer
AU  - Kai Long
AU  - Yihua Zeng
AU  - Chao Chen
AU  - Qipeng Yao
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/12
JO  - Frontiers in Immunology
DO  - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1995473
UR  - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1995473/full
AB  - Over the past decade, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has continued to rise, imposing a substantial disease burden on both patients and society. Improvements in treatment strategies—including surgery, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy—have significantly improved clinical outcomes. Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors, has shown promising efficacy in rectal cancer studies. Nevertheless, multiple CRC subtypes are still hindered by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, the development of therapeutic resistance, and low response rates to immunotherapy, collectively limiting further gains in clinical benefit. As an emerging therapeutic modality, bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) possess two binding specificities, enabling them to bind simultaneously to the same or different antigens, thereby generating multifaceted anti-tumor effects. Therefore, BsAbs can help overcome treatment resistance and potentiate antitumor immune responses. To date, numerous BsAbs have been used in clinical trials to assess their safety and efficacy across diverse CRC subtypes. This review summarizes the main classes of BsAbs used for CRC treatment, focusing on their mechanisms of action and recent advances in clinical research. We further discuss existing challenges for BsAbs and the potential strategies.
SN  - 1664-3224
ER  -