Emergence of Gaussian entanglement and non-Gaussianity in high-harmonic generation driven by bright squeezed light
Abstract
High harmonic generation (HHG) is a highly nonlinear optical process in which radiation from a strong driving field is up-converted into its high-order harmonics. In atomic systems, this nonlinearity manifests itself through the intensity scaling of the emitted harmonics with the driving field strength. Despite the highly nonlinear nature of HHG, when the driving field is prepared in a classical Gaussian state and atomic depletion remains negligible, the quantum statistical properties of the generated harmonics retains classical Gaussian quantum statistics. Driving HHG with bright squeezed vacuum (BSV) light challenges this paradigm, as its enhanced field fluctuations can modify the statistical properties of the generated harmonics. In this work, we investigate the conditions under which BSV-driven HHG gives rise to non-classical Gaussian states, and identify the regimes where this Gaussian description breaks down. For bichromatic driving by a strong coherent field at frequency ω and a perturbative BSV field at 2ω, the even-harmonic response is approximately linear in the BSV quadrature, leading to non-classical multimode Gaussian entanglement in the harmonic field. We show that this state can be described as a distributed collective squeezed mode over the even-harmonic manifold, and characterize its covariance matrix, entanglement structure, and quantum teleportation fidelity as an operational benchmark. Our results highlight the potential of non-classically driven HHG as a platform for engineering Gaussian and non-Gaussian states of light in the extreme ultraviolet regime.
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BibTeX
@misc{riveradean2026emergence,
title = {{Emergence of Gaussian entanglement and non-Gaussianity in high-harmonic generation driven by bright squeezed light}},
author = {J. Rivera-Dean and M. Even-Tzur and M. F. Ciappina and C. Granados and O. Cohen and P. Stammer},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2606.22714},
eprint = {2606.22714},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.22714},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Emergence of Gaussian entanglement and non-Gaussianity in high-harmonic generation driven by bright squeezed light
AU - J. Rivera-Dean
AU - M. Even-Tzur
AU - M. F. Ciappina
AU - C. Granados
AU - O. Cohen
AU - P. Stammer
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/13
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2606.22714
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.22714
AB - High harmonic generation (HHG) is a highly nonlinear optical process in which radiation from a strong driving field is up-converted into its high-order harmonics. In atomic systems, this nonlinearity manifests itself through the intensity scaling of the emitted harmonics with the driving field strength. Despite the highly nonlinear nature of HHG, when the driving field is prepared in a classical Gaussian state and atomic depletion remains negligible, the quantum statistical properties of the generated harmonics retains classical Gaussian quantum statistics. Driving HHG with bright squeezed vacuum (BSV) light challenges this paradigm, as its enhanced field fluctuations can modify the statistical properties of the generated harmonics. In this work, we investigate the conditions under which BSV-driven HHG gives rise to non-classical Gaussian states, and identify the regimes where this Gaussian description breaks down. For bichromatic driving by a strong coherent field at frequency ω and a perturbative BSV field at 2ω, the even-harmonic response is approximately linear in the BSV quadrature, leading to non-classical multimode Gaussian entanglement in the harmonic field. We show that this state can be described as a distributed collective squeezed mode over the even-harmonic manifold, and characterize its covariance matrix, entanglement structure, and quantum teleportation fidelity as an operational benchmark. Our results highlight the potential of non-classically driven HHG as a platform for engineering Gaussian and non-Gaussian states of light in the extreme ultraviolet regime.
ER -