Analysis of the potential profile and influencing factors of health behavior protection motivation in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms based on protection motivation theory
- 1Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University
- 2School of Nursing, Jiangxi Medical College of Nanchang University
Abstract
Background: Rupture of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA) is the third leading cause of morbidity and mortality from cerebrovascular disease, with a disability rate as high as 36–58%; health behaviors are crucial for reducing the risk of rupture. Protection Motivation Theory serves as an effective framework for explaining the formation of health behaviors; however, there is currently a lack of analyses on the latent categories of protection motivation for health behaviors among UIA patients both domestically and internationally, and in-depth exploration of population heterogeneity and intrinsic motivation has been neglected. Based on Protection Motivation Theory, this study explores the overall level and dimensional characteristics of protection motivation for health behaviors among UIA patients, analyzes its latent profiles and influencing factors, and provides a reference for clinical stratified management and personalized interventions.
Methods: From July to December 2025, a convenience sample of 300 UIA patients meeting the inclusion criteria was recruited from a Grade A tertiary hospital in Jiangxi Province for a clinical survey. A self-designed general demographic questionnaire, the UIA Patient Health Behavior Protective Motivation Scale, and the Health Promotion Lifestyle Scale II (HPLP-II) were used to assess the current status of health behavior protective motivation, health-promoting lifestyles, and their relationship among UIA patients. This study employed latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify latent profiles among UIA patients. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare differences in general demographic data and disease-related scores across latent profiles. Chi-square tests and Fisher’s exact test were used for categorical variables. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between protection motivation and health-promoting behaviors. Multinomial logistic regression was used to investigate the factors influencing these latent profiles.
Results: The results of this study showed that the total score for health behavior protection motivation among UIA patients was (81.96 ± 15.41) points, and the total score for health behavior promotion was (126.83 ± 30.78) points. The total score for health behavior protection motivation was positively correlated with the total scores of the HPLP-II and the HPLP-II ( r = 0.73, p < 0.001),and the total scores of each dimension were positively correlated with the total score for health behavior promotion ( p < 0.001). One-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in HPLP-II total scores across the three latent profiles ( F (2, 297) = 136.459, p < 0.001). Chi-square tests showed significant differences in educational level, sleep quality, smoking, alcohol consumption, and comorbid chronic diseases across the three groups ( χ ² = 7.693–60.171, df = 2–4, all p < 0.05). This study identified three latent profiles of protective motivation: the low protective motivation group (21.0%), the moderate protective motivation group (53.0%), and the high protective motivation group (26.0%). Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that educational level (OR = 6.997, 95% CI: 2.053–23.850), sleep quality (OR = 5.069, 95% CI: 1.644–15.626), and HPLP-II total score (OR = 1.078, 95% CI: 1.051–1.105) were facilitators for the moderate group, while smoking (OR = 0.357, 95% CI: 0.138–0.928) and alcohol consumption (OR = 0.103, 95% CI: 0.053–0.201) were barriers. For the high group, educational level (OR = 8.010, 95% CI: 1.855–34.597) and HPLP-II total score (OR = 1.147, 95% CI: 1.113–1.183) were facilitators, while alcohol consumption (OR = 0.101, 95% CI: 0.047–0.218) was a barrier.
Conclusion: The total scores for health behavior protection and motivation, and the total HPLP-II scores, among UIA patients were generally moderate. Furthermore, health behavior protection motivation exhibited heterogeneity and could be classified into three distinct latent profiles. Clinically, personalized intervention plans can be developed based on the characteristics and latent profiles of patients, with the aim of enhancing patients’ levels of health behavior protection motivation, improving health-promoting behaviors, reducing the risk of aneurysm rupture, and improving long-term disease prognosis.
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BibTeX
@article{huang2026analysis,
title = {{Analysis of the potential profile and influencing factors of health behavior protection motivation in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms based on protection motivation theory}},
author = {Shuyuan Huang and Yidan Liu and Wenguang Xie and Chao Zhang and Xingru Li and Shilin Liu and Wei Xiao and Wenhao Zhang and Ping Zhou},
journal = {Frontiers in Public Health},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2026.1942155},
url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1942155/full},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Analysis of the potential profile and influencing factors of health behavior protection motivation in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms based on protection motivation theory
AU - Shuyuan Huang
AU - Yidan Liu
AU - Wenguang Xie
AU - Chao Zhang
AU - Xingru Li
AU - Shilin Liu
AU - Wei Xiao
AU - Wenhao Zhang
AU - Ping Zhou
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/14
JO - Frontiers in Public Health
DO - 10.3389/fpubh.2026.1942155
UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1942155/full
AB - Background: Rupture of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA) is the third leading cause of morbidity and mortality from cerebrovascular disease, with a disability rate as high as 36–58%; health behaviors are crucial for reducing the risk of rupture. Protection Motivation Theory serves as an effective framework for explaining the formation of health behaviors; however, there is currently a lack of analyses on the latent categories of protection motivation for health behaviors among UIA patients both domestically and internationally, and in-depth exploration of population heterogeneity and intrinsic motivation has been neglected. Based on Protection Motivation Theory, this study explores the overall level and dimensional characteristics of protection motivation for health behaviors among UIA patients, analyzes its latent profiles and influencing factors, and provides a reference for clinical stratified management and personalized interventions. Methods: From July to December 2025, a convenience sample of 300 UIA patients meeting the inclusion criteria was recruited from a Grade A tertiary hospital in Jiangxi Province for a clinical survey. A self-designed general demographic questionnaire, the UIA Patient Health Behavior Protective Motivation Scale, and the Health Promotion Lifestyle Scale II (HPLP-II) were used to assess the current status of health behavior protective motivation, health-promoting lifestyles, and their relationship among UIA patients. This study employed latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify latent profiles among UIA patients. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare differences in general demographic data and disease-related scores across latent profiles. Chi-square tests and Fisher’s exact test were used for categorical variables. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between protection motivation and health-promoting behaviors. Multinomial logistic regression was used to investigate the factors influencing these latent profiles. Results: The results of this study showed that the total score for health behavior protection motivation among UIA patients was (81.96 ± 15.41) points, and the total score for health behavior promotion was (126.83 ± 30.78) points. The total score for health behavior protection motivation was positively correlated with the total scores of the HPLP-II and the HPLP-II ( r = 0.73, p < 0.001),and the total scores of each dimension were positively correlated with the total score for health behavior promotion ( p < 0.001). One-way ANOVA revealed significant differences in HPLP-II total scores across the three latent profiles ( F (2, 297) = 136.459, p < 0.001). Chi-square tests showed significant differences in educational level, sleep quality, smoking, alcohol consumption, and comorbid chronic diseases across the three groups ( χ ² = 7.693–60.171, df = 2–4, all p < 0.05). This study identified three latent profiles of protective motivation: the low protective motivation group (21.0%), the moderate protective motivation group (53.0%), and the high protective motivation group (26.0%). Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that educational level (OR = 6.997, 95% CI: 2.053–23.850), sleep quality (OR = 5.069, 95% CI: 1.644–15.626), and HPLP-II total score (OR = 1.078, 95% CI: 1.051–1.105) were facilitators for the moderate group, while smoking (OR = 0.357, 95% CI: 0.138–0.928) and alcohol consumption (OR = 0.103, 95% CI: 0.053–0.201) were barriers. For the high group, educational level (OR = 8.010, 95% CI: 1.855–34.597) and HPLP-II total score (OR = 1.147, 95% CI: 1.113–1.183) were facilitators, while alcohol consumption (OR = 0.101, 95% CI: 0.047–0.218) was a barrier. Conclusion: The total scores for health behavior protection and motivation, and the total HPLP-II scores, among UIA patients were generally moderate. Furthermore, health behavior protection motivation exhibited heterogeneity and could be classified into three distinct latent profiles. Clinically, personalized intervention plans can be developed based on the characteristics and latent profiles of patients, with the aim of enhancing patients’ levels of health behavior protection motivation, improving health-promoting behaviors, reducing the risk of aneurysm rupture, and improving long-term disease prognosis.
SN - 2296-2565
ER -