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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NCEcology letters

Eco-Evolutionary Feedback to a Pesticide Worsens the Impact of a Pesticide Switch in a Pivotal Freshwater Non-Target Species.

  • Rafaela A Almeida1
  • Maxime Fajgenblat1,2
  • Pieter Lemmens1,3
  • Kiani Cuypers1
  • Jade Maes4
  • Kristien I Brans5
  • Luc De Meester1,6
6 affiliations
  1. 1Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
  2. 2Data Science Institute (DSI), Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics (I-BioStat), Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium.
  3. 3Research Institute of Nature and Forest (INBO), Brussels, Belgium.
  4. 4Department of Fisheries Biology, Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food Research (ILVO), Ostend, Belgium.
  5. 5Ecology, Evolution & Genetics (bDIV) Research Group, Department of Biology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
  6. 6Leibniz Institute Für Gewasserökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Berlin, Germany.
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Abstract

Pest management often requires the rotation of insecticides, sequentially exposing non-target populations to different compounds. In a two-phased experiment, we assessed whether exposure to the pesticide chlorpyrifos induces rapid evolution in the non-target species Daphnia magna and quantified the response of control and pre-exposed populations to a second exposure to the same pesticide, another pesticide with the same mode of action (malathion), or a pesticide with another mode of action (deltamethrin). Chlorpyrifos selection induced rapid shifts in genotype composition and reduced genotype richness and strongly influenced population development following the second exposure. Chlorpyrifos-selected populations outperformed control populations when subsequently exposed to chlorpyrifos and malathion but underperformed when exposed to deltamethrin. Our results highlight an eco-evolutionary feedback in which rapid adaptive responses to a pesticide worsen the response when exposed to a different type of pesticide in non-target species, increasing vulnerability to common agricultural practices.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{almeida2026ecoevolutionary,
  title = {{Eco-Evolutionary Feedback to a Pesticide Worsens the Impact of a Pesticide Switch in a Pivotal Freshwater Non-Target Species.}},
  author = {Rafaela A Almeida and Maxime Fajgenblat and Pieter Lemmens and Kiani Cuypers and Jade Maes and Kristien I Brans and Luc De Meester},
  journal = {Ecology letters},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1111/ele.70459},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42905957},
  note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Eco-Evolutionary Feedback to a Pesticide Worsens the Impact of a Pesticide Switch in a Pivotal Freshwater Non-Target Species.
AU  - Rafaela A Almeida
AU  - Maxime Fajgenblat
AU  - Pieter Lemmens
AU  - Kiani Cuypers
AU  - Jade Maes
AU  - Kristien I Brans
AU  - Luc De Meester
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/01
JO  - Ecology letters
DO  - 10.1111/ele.70459
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42905957
AB  - Pest management often requires the rotation of insecticides, sequentially exposing non-target populations to different compounds. In a two-phased experiment, we assessed whether exposure to the pesticide chlorpyrifos induces rapid evolution in the non-target species Daphnia magna and quantified the response of control and pre-exposed populations to a second exposure to the same pesticide, another pesticide with the same mode of action (malathion), or a pesticide with another mode of action (deltamethrin). Chlorpyrifos selection induced rapid shifts in genotype composition and reduced genotype richness and strongly influenced population development following the second exposure. Chlorpyrifos-selected populations outperformed control populations when subsequently exposed to chlorpyrifos and malathion but underperformed when exposed to deltamethrin. Our results highlight an eco-evolutionary feedback in which rapid adaptive responses to a pesticide worsen the response when exposed to a different type of pesticide in non-target species, increasing vulnerability to common agricultural practices.
SN  - 1461-023X
SN  - 1461-0248
ER  -