Injectable Bioactive Calcium–Magnesium Phosphate Cements Enable Balanced Material Resorption and New Bone Formation
7 affiliations
- 1P.A. Herzen Moscow Research Oncology Institute, Branch of Federal State Budgetary Institution “National Medical Research Radiological Centre,” The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2nd Botkinsky Pass. 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia
- 2Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
- 3Institute of Cluster Oncology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Trubetskaya 8, Build 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- 4Federal State Budgetary Institution “N.N. Priorov National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics”, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Priorova Str. 10, 127299 Moscow, Russia
- 5Faculty of Chemistry, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- 6FSBI National Medical Research Radiological Centre, The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Koroleva Street, 4, 249036 Obninsk, Russia
- 7Department of Oncology and Radiology, Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Miklukho-Maklay Str, 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
Abstract
Injectable calcium–magnesium phosphate cements (CMPC) represent promising materials for bone defect reconstruction due to their bioresorbability, osteoconductivity, and potential to release biologically active Mg2+ ions. In this study, injectable CMPCs based on powders containing 20 and 60 mol.% Mg2+ were developed using a sodium phosphate solution containing carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as the cement liquid. The effects of Mg2+ content and CMC incorporation on the physicochemical, handling, in vitro, and in vivo properties of the cements were systematically evaluated. CMC acted primarily as a rheology modifier and structuring agent, improving paste cohesion and injectability while maintaining compressive strength suitable for bone substitution. The developed cements demonstrated controlled degradation accompanied by sustained Mg2+ release and showed no cytotoxic effects toward MG-63 cells. Biological studies demonstrated favorable cellular responses and osteogenic potential of the developed materials. Importantly, the cement containing the higher Mg2+ concentration and CMC demonstrated the most favorable bone defect regeneration outcomes among the investigated formulations, as evidenced by the restoration of mineralized structures observed by micro-CT and the histological identification of newly formed bone tissue. These findings demonstrate that combining increased Mg2+ content with CMC-mediated control of cement handling properties is a promising strategy for developing injectable bioactive bone substitutes.
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BibTeX
@article{sergeeva2026injectable,
title = {{Injectable Bioactive Calcium–Magnesium Phosphate Cements Enable Balanced Material Resorption and New Bone Formation}},
author = {Natalia S. Sergeeva and Margarita A. Goldberg and Irina K. Sviridova and Polina A. Krokhicheva and Suraya A. Akhmedova and Valentina A. Kirsanova and Pavel A. Karalkin and Sergey A. Rodionov and Alexandra E. Maltseva and Dinara R. Khayrutdinova and Olga S. Antonova and Aleksander V. Leonov and Ivan V. Mikheev and Vladimir S. Komlev and Andrey D. Kaprin},
journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.3390/ijms27219974},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/21/9974},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Injectable Bioactive Calcium–Magnesium Phosphate Cements Enable Balanced Material Resorption and New Bone Formation
AU - Natalia S. Sergeeva
AU - Margarita A. Goldberg
AU - Irina K. Sviridova
AU - Polina A. Krokhicheva
AU - Suraya A. Akhmedova
AU - Valentina A. Kirsanova
AU - Pavel A. Karalkin
AU - Sergey A. Rodionov
AU - Alexandra E. Maltseva
AU - Dinara R. Khayrutdinova
AU - Olga S. Antonova
AU - Aleksander V. Leonov
AU - Ivan V. Mikheev
AU - Vladimir S. Komlev
AU - Andrey D. Kaprin
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/06
JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
DO - 10.3390/ijms27219974
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/21/9974
AB - Injectable calcium–magnesium phosphate cements (CMPC) represent promising materials for bone defect reconstruction due to their bioresorbability, osteoconductivity, and potential to release biologically active Mg2+ ions. In this study, injectable CMPCs based on powders containing 20 and 60 mol.% Mg2+ were developed using a sodium phosphate solution containing carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) as the cement liquid. The effects of Mg2+ content and CMC incorporation on the physicochemical, handling, in vitro, and in vivo properties of the cements were systematically evaluated. CMC acted primarily as a rheology modifier and structuring agent, improving paste cohesion and injectability while maintaining compressive strength suitable for bone substitution. The developed cements demonstrated controlled degradation accompanied by sustained Mg2+ release and showed no cytotoxic effects toward MG-63 cells. Biological studies demonstrated favorable cellular responses and osteogenic potential of the developed materials. Importantly, the cement containing the higher Mg2+ concentration and CMC demonstrated the most favorable bone defect regeneration outcomes among the investigated formulations, as evidenced by the restoration of mineralized structures observed by micro-CT and the histological identification of newly formed bone tissue. These findings demonstrate that combining increased Mg2+ content with CMC-mediated control of cement handling properties is a promising strategy for developing injectable bioactive bone substitutes.
SN - 1422-0067
ER -