Creation of the Universe in Lorentzian Classical Gravity
Abstract
The singularity theorems and the past incompleteness of inflationary spacetimes suggest that the beginning of the Universe lies beyond the domain of semiclassical gravity. We show that the creation of the Universe can nevertheless be understood within Lorentzian gravity by allowing gravitational junctions, so that the full spacetime need not be a smooth manifold. We construct rotationally invariant cosmic creation gates joining any finite number n≥2 of locally de Sitter regions in D≥3 spacetime dimensions at a timelike perfect-fluid junction with P=wρ. For w>−(D−3)/(D−2), they are geodesically complete in both temporal directions. The total spatial volume approaches finite, positive limits in the infinite past and future on the global-time foliation adapted to the junction fluid. We also construct exact deformed cosmic creation gates through nonlinear homogeneous backreaction that retain the initial volume while the future volume grows without bound. In these solutions, the junction fluid always expands, cooling for w>0 and heating for allowed w<0. Keeping the bulk regions locally de Sitter, we determine the linearized perturbations: in three dimensions, the generic inhomogeneous sector contains one hybrid sound mode and n−1 relative transverse modes; in four and higher dimensions, only the homogeneous hybrid sound mode survives. A finite-volume beginning requires fine-tuned homogeneous and inhomogeneous initial data, while causal response generically leads to unbounded future spatial volume. We also discuss a broader creation criterion allowing bounded past-volume oscillations. The gravitational equations determine conditioned admissible histories. We discuss implications for cosmology.
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BibTeX
@misc{chakrabarti2026creation,
title = {{Creation of the Universe in Lorentzian Classical Gravity}},
author = {Avipsa Chakrabarti and Avik Chakraborty and Martín Molina and Ayan Mukhopadhyay and Salomón Romero},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.37748},
eprint = {2610.37748},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.37748},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Creation of the Universe in Lorentzian Classical Gravity
AU - Avipsa Chakrabarti
AU - Avik Chakraborty
AU - Martín Molina
AU - Ayan Mukhopadhyay
AU - Salomón Romero
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/27
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.37748
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.37748
AB - The singularity theorems and the past incompleteness of inflationary spacetimes suggest that the beginning of the Universe lies beyond the domain of semiclassical gravity. We show that the creation of the Universe can nevertheless be understood within Lorentzian gravity by allowing gravitational junctions, so that the full spacetime need not be a smooth manifold. We construct rotationally invariant cosmic creation gates joining any finite number n≥2 of locally de Sitter regions in D≥3 spacetime dimensions at a timelike perfect-fluid junction with P=wρ. For w>−(D−3)/(D−2), they are geodesically complete in both temporal directions. The total spatial volume approaches finite, positive limits in the infinite past and future on the global-time foliation adapted to the junction fluid. We also construct exact deformed cosmic creation gates through nonlinear homogeneous backreaction that retain the initial volume while the future volume grows without bound. In these solutions, the junction fluid always expands, cooling for w>0 and heating for allowed w<0. Keeping the bulk regions locally de Sitter, we determine the linearized perturbations: in three dimensions, the generic inhomogeneous sector contains one hybrid sound mode and n−1 relative transverse modes; in four and higher dimensions, only the homogeneous hybrid sound mode survives. A finite-volume beginning requires fine-tuned homogeneous and inhomogeneous initial data, while causal response generically leads to unbounded future spatial volume. We also discuss a broader creation criterion allowing bounded past-volume oscillations. The gravitational equations determine conditioned admissible histories. We discuss implications for cosmology.
ER -