A 3L2C2 DC–DC three-port converter with topology-level power decoupling: conduction loss optimization via improved Gray Langurs Optimizer-based triple phase-shift modulation
Abstract
This paper presents a 3L2C2 multi-resonant-element three-port converter (3L2C2-TPC) that transfers power through the fundamental and third-harmonic components while realizing topology-level decoupling between ports 2 and 3. Because the converter conduction loss is dominated by the resonant RMS currents, a converter-specific optimization model is established for the five triple phase-shift variables under two prescribed power-transfer constraints. An application-oriented improved Gray Langurs Optimizer (IGLO) combines Logistic-map initialization with dynamic opposition-based learning to improve initial coverage and reduce search stagnation. The optimizer is assessed through independent-run statistics and comparisons with representative population-based algorithms. A laboratory prototype verifies topology-level power decoupling and the optimized modulation. At the same power command, the measured weighted RMS-current metric decreases from 71.27 A ² at a feasible nonoptimal point to 58.70 A ² at the IGLO-derived point, corresponding to a reduction of approximately 17.6%. The results support the proposed method for the reported converter, voltage, and operating-point range; universal superiority over other optimizers is not claimed.
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BibTeX
@article{zhang20263l2c2,
title = {{A 3L2C2 DC–DC three-port converter with topology-level power decoupling: conduction loss optimization via improved Gray Langurs Optimizer-based triple phase-shift modulation}},
author = {Xinsheng Zhang and Chao Ma and Chong Zhang and Pengcheng Lu and Duanjun Zhang and Jie Liu and Yuehe Zhao and Hong Fu},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1038/s41598-026-76502-z},
url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-76502-z},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - A 3L2C2 DC–DC three-port converter with topology-level power decoupling: conduction loss optimization via improved Gray Langurs Optimizer-based triple phase-shift modulation
AU - Xinsheng Zhang
AU - Chao Ma
AU - Chong Zhang
AU - Pengcheng Lu
AU - Duanjun Zhang
AU - Jie Liu
AU - Yuehe Zhao
AU - Hong Fu
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/27
JO - Scientific Reports
DO - 10.1038/s41598-026-76502-z
UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-76502-z
AB - This paper presents a 3L2C2 multi-resonant-element three-port converter (3L2C2-TPC) that transfers power through the fundamental and third-harmonic components while realizing topology-level decoupling between ports 2 and 3. Because the converter conduction loss is dominated by the resonant RMS currents, a converter-specific optimization model is established for the five triple phase-shift variables under two prescribed power-transfer constraints. An application-oriented improved Gray Langurs Optimizer (IGLO) combines Logistic-map initialization with dynamic opposition-based learning to improve initial coverage and reduce search stagnation. The optimizer is assessed through independent-run statistics and comparisons with representative population-based algorithms. A laboratory prototype verifies topology-level power decoupling and the optimized modulation. At the same power command, the measured weighted RMS-current metric decreases from 71.27 A ² at a feasible nonoptimal point to 58.70 A ² at the IGLO-derived point, corresponding to a reduction of approximately 17.6%. The results support the proposed method for the reported converter, voltage, and operating-point range; universal superiority over other optimizers is not claimed.
SN - 2045-2322
ER -