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PreprintCC BY 4.0arXiv

Quantifying TMD factorization breaking at tree level

  • Jian Zhou
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Abstract

Rogers and Mulders identified color entanglement as a mechanism that breaks transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) factorization in nearly back-to-back dijet production. Using the double-Sivers asymmetry in their model, we quantify the contribution of color entanglement in the intermediate region ΛQCD≪ qT≪ PT, where qT is the transverse-momentum imbalance of the dijet and PT is the hard transverse momentum. We compare the collinear twist-three result with the TMD-factorization prediction, expressing both in terms of the Qiu--Sterman functions. In the absence of color entanglement, the factorized prediction would involve the Sivers functions of semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (SIDIS). Diagrams without crossed attachments reproduce the hard coefficient obtained from the perturbative tails of these Sivers functions. Crossed diagrams, in which each coherent gluon attaches to the other hadron's quark line, contribute an extra term equal to 4/(Nc2−1) times this coefficient.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{zhou2026quantifying,
  title = {{Quantifying TMD factorization breaking at tree level}},
  author = {Jian Zhou},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.11258},
  eprint = {2610.11258},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.11258},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Quantifying TMD factorization breaking at tree level
AU  - Jian Zhou
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/08
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.11258
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.11258
AB  - Rogers and Mulders identified color entanglement as a mechanism that breaks transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) factorization in nearly back-to-back dijet production. Using the double-Sivers asymmetry in their model, we quantify the contribution of color entanglement in the intermediate region Λ_QCD≪ q_T≪ P_T, where q_T is the transverse-momentum imbalance of the dijet and P_T is the hard transverse momentum. We compare the collinear twist-three result with the TMD-factorization prediction, expressing both in terms of the Qiu--Sterman functions. In the absence of color entanglement, the factorized prediction would involve the Sivers functions of semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (SIDIS). Diagrams without crossed attachments reproduce the hard coefficient obtained from the perturbative tails of these Sivers functions. Crossed diagrams, in which each coherent gluon attaches to the other hadron's quark line, contribute an extra term equal to 4/(N_c^2−1) times this coefficient.
ER  -