Hidden Angular Momentum Loop Currents in Symmetric Crystals
Abstract
Loop-current order has been invoked to explain unconventional electronic phases, with the crystal lattice usually regarded as a passive host for the underlying collective dynamics. Here we show that circulating currents can originate in the lattice itself, sustained by quantum and thermal fluctuations. We develop a microscopic description of angular momentum exchange that separates transfer between sites from crystalline restoring torques and reveals how circulation can emerge in a symmetry-preserving equilibrium state. In a two-dimensional elastic lattice preserving time-reversal, inversion, and fourfold rotational symmetries, we uncover opposite current loops on neighboring plaquettes while the mean angular momentum vanishes at every site. These currents are sustained by zero-point fluctuations in the phonon vacuum and persist at finite temperature. We trace their origin to directional elastic interactions in locally symmetry-lowered environments, with the higher crystal symmetry organizing the resulting currents into a compensated pattern of circulation. Our results extend the physics of equilibrium loop currents to lattice dynamics, revealing that elastic geometry can organize fluctuations into persistent angular momentum circulation without electronic or magnetic order, external driving, or spontaneous symmetry breaking.
Related
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BibTeX
@misc{yi2026hidden,
title = {{Hidden Angular Momentum Loop Currents in Symmetric Crystals}},
author = {Rule Yi and Vincent P. Flynn and Benedetta Flebus},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.38317},
eprint = {2609.38317},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.38317},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Hidden Angular Momentum Loop Currents in Symmetric Crystals
AU - Rule Yi
AU - Vincent P. Flynn
AU - Benedetta Flebus
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/29
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.38317
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.38317
AB - Loop-current order has been invoked to explain unconventional electronic phases, with the crystal lattice usually regarded as a passive host for the underlying collective dynamics. Here we show that circulating currents can originate in the lattice itself, sustained by quantum and thermal fluctuations. We develop a microscopic description of angular momentum exchange that separates transfer between sites from crystalline restoring torques and reveals how circulation can emerge in a symmetry-preserving equilibrium state. In a two-dimensional elastic lattice preserving time-reversal, inversion, and fourfold rotational symmetries, we uncover opposite current loops on neighboring plaquettes while the mean angular momentum vanishes at every site. These currents are sustained by zero-point fluctuations in the phonon vacuum and persist at finite temperature. We trace their origin to directional elastic interactions in locally symmetry-lowered environments, with the higher crystal symmetry organizing the resulting currents into a compensated pattern of circulation. Our results extend the physics of equilibrium loop currents to lattice dynamics, revealing that elastic geometry can organize fluctuations into persistent angular momentum circulation without electronic or magnetic order, external driving, or spontaneous symmetry breaking.
ER -