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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Nanomaterials

Preparation, Emulsion Stability and Preliminary Demoulding Evaluation of a Wax-Free Water-Based Soybean Oil-Mineral Oil Concrete Release Agent

  • Biliang Zhang1
  • Jiejun Yuan1
  • Haidong Zhang1
  • Wei Xu1
  • Yongmei Wang2
  • Leiying Han2
  • Xiaoyan Liu2
  1. 1Jiangsu Power Transmission and Transformation Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210000, China
  2. 2College of Civil Engineering and Transportation, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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Abstract

Water-based, wax-free release agents are attractive for concrete formwork, yet their emulsification window and demoulding behaviour remain poorly defined. This work prepared a soybean-oil/naphthenic-oil emulsion and evaluated its stability and pull-off performance. OP-10/Span-80 blends produced a visually stable soybean-oil emulsion in a narrow hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB) window, with only trace or small separation within 1 h across a calculated HLB interval of 12.15–12.31 at an assumed OP-10 HLB of 14.5 (11.3–12.3 across the reported range). The high-non-volatile-content naphthenic-oil emulsion containing 1.00 wt% sodium benzoate (MH2+) showed no visible phase boundary after centrifugation at 7000 rpm for 6 min and only a thin re-emulsifiable surface layer after 20 d, whereas the sodium-benzoate-free emulsion separated into three phases. At 1.57–1.59 micrometres, the 1:3 blend of the soybean-oil emulsion and MH2+ gave a pull-off force of 7.92 N, comparable to EP6 (7.963 N at 1.50 micrometres) and lower than MH2+ (11.63 N) and the soybean-oil emulsion (55.26 N), and produced visually more uniform demoulded surfaces. The blend force increased to 73.68 N at 1.05 micrometres, indicating that sufficient coating is essential. The 1:3 blend is therefore a promising low-force, wax-free water-based release agent at sufficient coating, providing a basis for coating optimization and field validation.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{zhang2026preparation,
  title = {{Preparation, Emulsion Stability and Preliminary Demoulding Evaluation of a Wax-Free Water-Based Soybean Oil-Mineral Oil Concrete Release Agent}},
  author = {Biliang Zhang and Jiejun Yuan and Haidong Zhang and Wei Xu and Yongmei Wang and Leiying Han and Xiaoyan Liu},
  journal = {Nanomaterials},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.3390/nano16211429},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/21/1429},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Preparation, Emulsion Stability and Preliminary Demoulding Evaluation of a Wax-Free Water-Based Soybean Oil-Mineral Oil Concrete Release Agent
AU  - Biliang Zhang
AU  - Jiejun Yuan
AU  - Haidong Zhang
AU  - Wei Xu
AU  - Yongmei Wang
AU  - Leiying Han
AU  - Xiaoyan Liu
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/05
JO  - Nanomaterials
DO  - 10.3390/nano16211429
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/21/1429
AB  - Water-based, wax-free release agents are attractive for concrete formwork, yet their emulsification window and demoulding behaviour remain poorly defined. This work prepared a soybean-oil/naphthenic-oil emulsion and evaluated its stability and pull-off performance. OP-10/Span-80 blends produced a visually stable soybean-oil emulsion in a narrow hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HLB) window, with only trace or small separation within 1 h across a calculated HLB interval of 12.15–12.31 at an assumed OP-10 HLB of 14.5 (11.3–12.3 across the reported range). The high-non-volatile-content naphthenic-oil emulsion containing 1.00 wt% sodium benzoate (MH2+) showed no visible phase boundary after centrifugation at 7000 rpm for 6 min and only a thin re-emulsifiable surface layer after 20 d, whereas the sodium-benzoate-free emulsion separated into three phases. At 1.57–1.59 micrometres, the 1:3 blend of the soybean-oil emulsion and MH2+ gave a pull-off force of 7.92 N, comparable to EP6 (7.963 N at 1.50 micrometres) and lower than MH2+ (11.63 N) and the soybean-oil emulsion (55.26 N), and produced visually more uniform demoulded surfaces. The blend force increased to 73.68 N at 1.05 micrometres, indicating that sufficient coating is essential. The 1:3 blend is therefore a promising low-force, wax-free water-based release agent at sufficient coating, providing a basis for coating optimization and field validation.
SN  - 2079-4991
ER  -