Flexible numerical characteristic gluing to extremal Reissner-Nordström black holes
Abstract
Recent work has used the method of characteristic gluing to construct spacetimes violating the third law of black hole mechanics. This paper uses numerical methods to investigate two aspects of the gluing construction of solutions describing the gravitational collapse of a charged scalar field to form an extremal Reissner-Nordström black hole. First, for a massless scalar field, we improve significantly the lower bounds on the size of the final black hole for which gluing is possible. Second, for a massive scalar field, it is known that the formation of an extremal Reissner--Nordström black hole is impossible if the mass-to-charge ratio of the scalar field exceeds unity. We present strong evidence that this bound is sharp by constructing gluing solutions with a scalar field mass-to-charge ratio just below unity.
Related
- Extremal Scalarization of Charged Black Holes: Miransky Scaling across Reissner-Nordström Extremality
- Zero-damped modes of near-extremal Reissner--Nordström black holes from exact WKB
- Nonoscillatory gravitational quasinormal modes of Reissner–Nordström–de Sitter spacetime
- Reissner-Nordstrom in the Bertotti-Robinson-Bonnor-Melvin electromagnetic field
- Stochastic motion of massless particles near event horizons in Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordström spacetimes
BibTeX
@misc{lee2026flexible,
title = {{Flexible numerical characteristic gluing to extremal Reissner-Nordström black holes}},
author = {Junwoo Lee},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.22518},
eprint = {2609.22518},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.22518},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Flexible numerical characteristic gluing to extremal Reissner-Nordström black holes
AU - Junwoo Lee
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/18
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.22518
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.22518
AB - Recent work has used the method of characteristic gluing to construct spacetimes violating the third law of black hole mechanics. This paper uses numerical methods to investigate two aspects of the gluing construction of solutions describing the gravitational collapse of a charged scalar field to form an extremal Reissner-Nordström black hole. First, for a massless scalar field, we improve significantly the lower bounds on the size of the final black hole for which gluing is possible. Second, for a massive scalar field, it is known that the formation of an extremal Reissner--Nordström black hole is impossible if the mass-to-charge ratio of the scalar field exceeds unity. We present strong evidence that this bound is sharp by constructing gluing solutions with a scalar field mass-to-charge ratio just below unity.
ER -