Pore-zoned nanoarchitectonics of hierarchically porous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and MOF-derived materials for electrochemical energy conversion
10 affiliations
- 1Department of Materials Process Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
- 2Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
- 3Department of Chemical Engineering; International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST), National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- 4Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- 5Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
- 6Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) and School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- 7Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University 6-6-07 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
- 8Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-Li, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- 9Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- 10Department of Convergent Biotechnology and Advanced Materials Science, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17104, South Korea
Abstract
Hierarchically porous metal-organic frameworks have emerged as a versatile platform for overcoming the mass transfer limitations of conventional microporous materials. However, the true potential of these materials lies not merely in increasing pore volume, but in the functional integration of distinct pore domains. Herein, we articulate the concept of pore-zoned nanoarchitectonics, a rational design paradigm that orchestrates reactants across varying length scales. We elucidate how this architecture creates a synergistic environment: micropores serve as confined redox centers for thermodynamic stabilization, mesopores act as kinetic buffers for intermediate management, and macropores function as high-flux reservoirs for phase boundary regulation. This review comprehensively summarizes state-of-the-art synthetic strategies—ranging from ligand engineering and defect formation to hard/soft templating and composite-derived approaches—that enable such precise structural programming. Furthermore, we highlight the transformative impact of these architectures in electrocatalysis, demonstrating how pore-zoned engineering resolves the intrinsic trade-off between mass transport velocity and active site density. Finally, we provide a roadmap for the future, emphasizing the transition from static porous solids to intelligent, adaptive energy conversion systems.
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BibTeX
@article{zhao2026porezoned,
title = {{Pore-zoned nanoarchitectonics of hierarchically porous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and MOF-derived materials for electrochemical energy conversion}},
author = {Yingji Zhao and Norman C.‐R. Chen and Yongqi Yin and Xiangyang Liu and Minghao Xu and Prashant Dubey and Keisuke Shirasaki and Yunqing Kang and Kevin C.-W. Wu and Toru Asahi and Yusuke Yamauchi},
journal = {Coordination Chemistry Reviews},
year = {2026},
month = jun,
doi = {10.1016/j.ccr.2026.218156},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2026.218156},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Pore-zoned nanoarchitectonics of hierarchically porous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and MOF-derived materials for electrochemical energy conversion
AU - Yingji Zhao
AU - Norman C.‐R. Chen
AU - Yongqi Yin
AU - Xiangyang Liu
AU - Minghao Xu
AU - Prashant Dubey
AU - Keisuke Shirasaki
AU - Yunqing Kang
AU - Kevin C.-W. Wu
AU - Toru Asahi
AU - Yusuke Yamauchi
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/06/07
JO - Coordination Chemistry Reviews
DO - 10.1016/j.ccr.2026.218156
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2026.218156
AB - Hierarchically porous metal-organic frameworks have emerged as a versatile platform for overcoming the mass transfer limitations of conventional microporous materials. However, the true potential of these materials lies not merely in increasing pore volume, but in the functional integration of distinct pore domains. Herein, we articulate the concept of pore-zoned nanoarchitectonics, a rational design paradigm that orchestrates reactants across varying length scales. We elucidate how this architecture creates a synergistic environment: micropores serve as confined redox centers for thermodynamic stabilization, mesopores act as kinetic buffers for intermediate management, and macropores function as high-flux reservoirs for phase boundary regulation. This review comprehensively summarizes state-of-the-art synthetic strategies—ranging from ligand engineering and defect formation to hard/soft templating and composite-derived approaches—that enable such precise structural programming. Furthermore, we highlight the transformative impact of these architectures in electrocatalysis, demonstrating how pore-zoned engineering resolves the intrinsic trade-off between mass transport velocity and active site density. Finally, we provide a roadmap for the future, emphasizing the transition from static porous solids to intelligent, adaptive energy conversion systems.
SN - 0010-8545
SN - 1873-3840
ER -