Predicting Three Generations of Fermions: Discovery Prospects of the Bilepton Model
Abstract
We study the production of pairs of doubly-charged bileptons and assess their discovery potential in light of the integrated luminosities available at the High-Luminosity LHC. The production rates are governed primarily by the bilepton mass, (mY), and the mass of the exotic heavy quarks, (mD). We consider two complementary production channels: (i) direct bilepton pair production and (ii) bilepton production mediated through heavy-quark decays. Notably, the latter typically yields significantly enhanced cross sections and gives rise to distinctive LHC signatures, even when the bileptons are produced off-shell. The two mechanisms therefore probe complementary regions of parameter space, with direct production being predominantly sensitive to mY, while the heavy-quark-mediated channel depends mainly on mD. Owing to the essentially background-free signature of four energetic leptons at the LHC, we show that Run-2 data allow a discovery only for mD ≲ 1 TeV, whereas the HL-LHC can achieve a 5σ discovery up to mD ≲ 2.5 TeV (nearly independently of mY) and/or for mY ≲ 2 TeV (even if D is heavy).
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BibTeX
@misc{crivellin2026predicting,
title = {{Predicting Three Generations of Fermions: Discovery Prospects of the Bilepton Model}},
author = {Andreas Crivellin and Paul H. Frampton and Ahmed Hammad},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2605.15286},
eprint = {2605.15286},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.15286},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Predicting Three Generations of Fermions: Discovery Prospects of the Bilepton Model
AU - Andreas Crivellin
AU - Paul H. Frampton
AU - Ahmed Hammad
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/04
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2605.15286
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.15286
AB - We study the production of pairs of doubly-charged bileptons and assess their discovery potential in light of the integrated luminosities available at the High-Luminosity LHC. The production rates are governed primarily by the bilepton mass, (m_Y), and the mass of the exotic heavy quarks, (m_D). We consider two complementary production channels: (i) direct bilepton pair production and (ii) bilepton production mediated through heavy-quark decays. Notably, the latter typically yields significantly enhanced cross sections and gives rise to distinctive LHC signatures, even when the bileptons are produced off-shell. The two mechanisms therefore probe complementary regions of parameter space, with direct production being predominantly sensitive to m_Y, while the heavy-quark-mediated channel depends mainly on m_D. Owing to the essentially background-free signature of four energetic leptons at the LHC, we show that Run-2 data allow a discovery only for m_D ≲ 1 TeV, whereas the HL-LHC can achieve a 5σ discovery up to m_D ≲ 2.5 TeV (nearly independently of m_Y) and/or for m_Y ≲ 2 TeV (even if D is heavy).
ER -