Mapping the proteome landscape in Euglena gracilis: global, phospho, and ubiquitin proteomes under anaerobic response.
9 affiliations
- 1Bioproductivity Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan.
- 2Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
- 3Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima, Japan.
- 4Division of Cell Signaling, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
- 5Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan.
- 6Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia.
- 7Research Center for Molecular Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
- 8RIKEN Baton Zone Program, RIKEN Cluster for Science, Technology and Innovative Hub, Yokohama, Japan.
- 9School of Information and Data Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Abstract
The photosynthetic flagellate Euglena gracilis (Euglena) exhibits a remarkable metabolic flexibility, enabling the dynamic coordination of energy production and resource partitioning during anaerobic adaptation. While the wax ester synthesis under hypoxia is well-documented, the regulatory interplay between protein abundance and post-translational modifications (PTMs) remains unexplored. A definitive understanding of this metabolic remodeling is hindered by the lack of high-depth proteomic resources and the fragmented genome annotations, which fail to capture Euglena's proteomic diversity and plasticity. Here, we provide a comprehensive Euglena proteome landscape through advanced LC-MS/MS analysis. By leveraging the recently refined proteome annotation, we identified 9,122 protein groups, 12,027 phospho-peptides, and 3,346 ubiquitinated peptides, establishing a comprehensive Euglena's proteome reference. Our results demonstrate that anaerobic adaptation is characterized by distinct phosphorylation and ubiquitination signatures that often occur independently of changes in global protein abundance, revealing a layer of PTM-mediated control over central metabolism during anaerobic adaptation in Euglena. This study provides a foundational resource that bridges the gap between genomic potential and functional metabolic in Euglena. By resolving the interplay between protein levels and PTM-driven regulation, our work offers a new resource for investigating environmental adaptation and provides a rigorous framework for future metabolic engineering in Euglena.
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BibTeX
@article{yosua2026mapping,
title = {{Mapping the proteome landscape in Euglena gracilis: global, phospho, and ubiquitin proteomes under anaerobic response.}},
author = {Yosua and Shun Tamaki and Kohei Nishino and Akihiro Ezoe and Anzu Minami and June-Sik Kim and Ade Rizqi Ridwan Firdaus and Toto Subroto and Hidetaka Kosako and Keiichi Mochida},
journal = {Plant signaling \& behavior},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1080/15592324.2026.2720310},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42850892},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Mapping the proteome landscape in Euglena gracilis: global, phospho, and ubiquitin proteomes under anaerobic response.
AU - Yosua
AU - Shun Tamaki
AU - Kohei Nishino
AU - Akihiro Ezoe
AU - Anzu Minami
AU - June-Sik Kim
AU - Ade Rizqi Ridwan Firdaus
AU - Toto Subroto
AU - Hidetaka Kosako
AU - Keiichi Mochida
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/08
JO - Plant signaling & behavior
DO - 10.1080/15592324.2026.2720310
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42850892
AB - The photosynthetic flagellate Euglena gracilis (Euglena) exhibits a remarkable metabolic flexibility, enabling the dynamic coordination of energy production and resource partitioning during anaerobic adaptation. While the wax ester synthesis under hypoxia is well-documented, the regulatory interplay between protein abundance and post-translational modifications (PTMs) remains unexplored. A definitive understanding of this metabolic remodeling is hindered by the lack of high-depth proteomic resources and the fragmented genome annotations, which fail to capture Euglena's proteomic diversity and plasticity. Here, we provide a comprehensive Euglena proteome landscape through advanced LC-MS/MS analysis. By leveraging the recently refined proteome annotation, we identified 9,122 protein groups, 12,027 phospho-peptides, and 3,346 ubiquitinated peptides, establishing a comprehensive Euglena's proteome reference. Our results demonstrate that anaerobic adaptation is characterized by distinct phosphorylation and ubiquitination signatures that often occur independently of changes in global protein abundance, revealing a layer of PTM-mediated control over central metabolism during anaerobic adaptation in Euglena. This study provides a foundational resource that bridges the gap between genomic potential and functional metabolic in Euglena. By resolving the interplay between protein levels and PTM-driven regulation, our work offers a new resource for investigating environmental adaptation and provides a rigorous framework for future metabolic engineering in Euglena.
SN - 1559-2316
SN - 1559-2324
ER -