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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0European Psychiatry

Concordance between gambling disorder, alcohol use disorder, and other behavioural addictions provides evidence for a comprehensive approach to addictive behaviours: A multiple systematic review analysis

  • Clément Vansteene1,2
  • Daphnée Poupon2
  • Andrea Czakó3,4,5
  • Tamás Kurimay6
  • Harshdeep S. Mangat5
  • Ronald K. Ngetich5,7
  • Zsolt Demetrovics3,4,5
  • Philip Gorwood1,2
7 affiliations
  1. 1Universite Paris Cite, Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), INSERM U1266, Paris, France
  2. 2GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hopital Sainte-Anne (CMME), Paris, France
  3. 3Flinders University Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, College of Human Sciences and Culture, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
  4. 4Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
  5. 5Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar
  6. 6North-Buda Saint John Central Hospital, Buda Family Centered Mental Health Centre, Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Teaching Department of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
  7. 7Institute for Human Development, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
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Abstract

Background: Non-substance-related addictive behaviours have traditionally been treated separately from substance use disorders. However, the DSM-5 reclassification of gambling disorder within Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders has opened new avenues for research. This decision was justified by the similarities in the phenomenology, psychological, neurobiological, and genetic correlates across these disorders. Through a comprehensive systematic analysis, we aimed to identify factors associated with gambling disorder and examine their involvement in candidate behavioural addictions to assess the case for reclassification.

Methods: Using gambling disorder as the gold standard, we identified 75 factors grouped into 9 categories to compare gambling disorder with alcohol use disorder (AUD) as a standard chemical addiction, gaming disorder, compulsive sexual behaviour disorder (CSBD), binge eating disorder (BED), compulsive buying–shopping disorder (CBSD), exercise addiction, and work addiction.

Results: Data availability, compared to gambling disorder, was 100% for AUD; however, it was limited, ranging between 48% and 69% for gaming disorder, BED, and CSBD, and remained below 23% for other behaviours. The analyses confirmed a strong similarity between gambling disorder and alcohol use disorder (92.2%) and gaming disorder (98.9%), followed by CSBD (89.7%) and BED (84.9%). All other conditions showed weaker, although still high, congruence with gambling disorder (between 67% and 74% for the unweighted concordance rates).

Conclusions: Our findings reaffirm AUD, gambling, and gaming disorder as addictive disorders and provide evidence that the studied candidates could be considered as behavioural addictions, especially binge eating disorder and CSBD.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{vansteene2026concordance,
  title = {{Concordance between gambling disorder, alcohol use disorder, and other behavioural addictions provides evidence for a comprehensive approach to addictive behaviours: A multiple systematic review analysis}},
  author = {Clément Vansteene and Daphnée Poupon and Andrea Czakó and Tamás Kurimay and Harshdeep S. Mangat and Ronald K. Ngetich and Zsolt Demetrovics and Philip Gorwood},
  journal = {European Psychiatry},
  year = {2026},
  month = aug,
  doi = {10.1192/j.eurpsy.2026.12249},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2026.12249},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Concordance between gambling disorder, alcohol use disorder, and other behavioural addictions provides evidence for a comprehensive approach to addictive behaviours: A multiple systematic review analysis
AU  - Clément Vansteene
AU  - Daphnée Poupon
AU  - Andrea Czakó
AU  - Tamás Kurimay
AU  - Harshdeep S. Mangat
AU  - Ronald K. Ngetich
AU  - Zsolt Demetrovics
AU  - Philip Gorwood
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/08/12
JO  - European Psychiatry
DO  - 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2026.12249
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2026.12249
AB  - Background: Non-substance-related addictive behaviours have traditionally been treated separately from substance use disorders. However, the DSM-5 reclassification of gambling disorder within Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders has opened new avenues for research. This decision was justified by the similarities in the phenomenology, psychological, neurobiological, and genetic correlates across these disorders. Through a comprehensive systematic analysis, we aimed to identify factors associated with gambling disorder and examine their involvement in candidate behavioural addictions to assess the case for reclassification.  Methods: Using gambling disorder as the gold standard, we identified 75 factors grouped into 9 categories to compare gambling disorder with alcohol use disorder (AUD) as a standard chemical addiction, gaming disorder, compulsive sexual behaviour disorder (CSBD), binge eating disorder (BED), compulsive buying–shopping disorder (CBSD), exercise addiction, and work addiction.  Results: Data availability, compared to gambling disorder, was 100% for AUD; however, it was limited, ranging between 48% and 69% for gaming disorder, BED, and CSBD, and remained below 23% for other behaviours. The analyses confirmed a strong similarity between gambling disorder and alcohol use disorder (92.2%) and gaming disorder (98.9%), followed by CSBD (89.7%) and BED (84.9%). All other conditions showed weaker, although still high, congruence with gambling disorder (between 67% and 74% for the unweighted concordance rates).  Conclusions: Our findings reaffirm AUD, gambling, and gaming disorder as addictive disorders and provide evidence that the studied candidates could be considered as behavioural addictions, especially binge eating disorder and CSBD.
SN  - 0924-9338
SN  - 1778-3585
ER  -