Genome evolution through polyploidy: Enhancing plant stress resilience in agriculture
5 affiliations
- 1Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University
- 2Genetics and Genome Sciences, Michigan State University
- 3Honors College, Michigan State University
- 4Department of Computational Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Michigan State University
- 5Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University
Abstract
Polyploidy, also known as whole genome duplication, is a major evolutionary force in plants, driving diversification and the generation of novel phenotypic variation, including superior abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. The enhanced stress resilience observed in certain polyploids is hypothesized to arise from dynamic epigenetic and genetic changes, including variations in gene content and cis-regulatory elements (CREs), that emerge following polyploidization. These changes directly impact various regulatory, signaling, and metabolic pathways associated with stress response and adaptation. Within polyploid populations, processes like gene duplications, fractionation, and homoeologous exchanges actively shape novel gene content variation, while, simultaneously, alterations in CREs (DNA sequences controlling gene expression) lead to diverse regulatory patterns. This dynamic interplay between changes in gene content and regulation further contributes to expanded phenotypic variation, including enhanced stress resilience. We discuss how advanced genomic and epigenomic techniques, such as pangenomics and single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing, are used to uncover these variations and outline new bioinformatic approaches to reveal the underlying genetics of stress resilience and adaptation. Finally, we summarize what remains poorly understood to guide future research, with the goal of unlocking the full potential for enhancing resilience in polyploid crops.
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BibTeX
@article{edger2026genome,
title = {{Genome evolution through polyploidy: Enhancing plant stress resilience in agriculture}},
author = {Patrick P. Edger and Mélanie J. A. Body and Sonia De Donno and Adrian E. Platts and Jianrong Wang and Jiming Jiang},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences},
year = {2026},
month = may,
doi = {10.1073/pnas.2522064123},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2522064123},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Genome evolution through polyploidy: Enhancing plant stress resilience in agriculture
AU - Patrick P. Edger
AU - Mélanie J. A. Body
AU - Sonia De Donno
AU - Adrian E. Platts
AU - Jianrong Wang
AU - Jiming Jiang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/05/26
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
DO - 10.1073/pnas.2522064123
UR - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2522064123
AB - Polyploidy, also known as whole genome duplication, is a major evolutionary force in plants, driving diversification and the generation of novel phenotypic variation, including superior abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. The enhanced stress resilience observed in certain polyploids is hypothesized to arise from dynamic epigenetic and genetic changes, including variations in gene content and cis-regulatory elements (CREs), that emerge following polyploidization. These changes directly impact various regulatory, signaling, and metabolic pathways associated with stress response and adaptation. Within polyploid populations, processes like gene duplications, fractionation, and homoeologous exchanges actively shape novel gene content variation, while, simultaneously, alterations in CREs (DNA sequences controlling gene expression) lead to diverse regulatory patterns. This dynamic interplay between changes in gene content and regulation further contributes to expanded phenotypic variation, including enhanced stress resilience. We discuss how advanced genomic and epigenomic techniques, such as pangenomics and single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing, are used to uncover these variations and outline new bioinformatic approaches to reveal the underlying genetics of stress resilience and adaptation. Finally, we summarize what remains poorly understood to guide future research, with the goal of unlocking the full potential for enhancing resilience in polyploid crops.
SN - 0027-8424
SN - 1091-6490
ER -