Cavity-assisted dynamic nuclear polarisation
Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarisation transfers polarisation from electron to nuclear spins by relying on a dissipative channel. Here we introduce a cavity-based DNP mechanism which uses the radiative relaxation of the electronic spin through the Purcell effect to bring about the nuclear spin polarisation. We implement this protocol on an ensemble of bismuth donor spins (I=9/2, S=1/2) in isotopically purified silicon coupled to a superconducting resonator. A single cycle, combining adiabatic microwave and radio-frequency pulses with Purcell relaxation, increases a target ground state's population by a factor of 1.79(4); a cumulative enhancement of 4.6(2) is reached with additional cycles, to be compared with the theoretical limit of ninefold set by the degeneracy of the ground manifold. We explain this difference by the competition between Purcell and intrinsic relaxation on the one hand and a collective effect that slows down the electronic spin radiative decay as the nuclear spin population grows on the other hand. Our results place radiative DNP as an available mechanism at millikelvin temperatures where phonon-mediated relaxation is frozen.
Related
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BibTeX
@misc{lorriaux2026cavityassisted,
title = {{Cavity-assisted dynamic nuclear polarisation}},
author = {Tristan Lorriaux and Yutian Wen and Patrice Bertet and Benjamin Huard and Audrey Bienfait},
howpublished = {HAL},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.19180},
eprint = {2610.19180},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-05801639v1},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Cavity-assisted dynamic nuclear polarisation
AU - Tristan Lorriaux
AU - Yutian Wen
AU - Patrice Bertet
AU - Benjamin Huard
AU - Audrey Bienfait
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/13
PB - HAL
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.19180
UR - https://hal.science/hal-05801639v1
AB - Dynamic nuclear polarisation transfers polarisation from electron to nuclear spins by relying on a dissipative channel. Here we introduce a cavity-based DNP mechanism which uses the radiative relaxation of the electronic spin through the Purcell effect to bring about the nuclear spin polarisation. We implement this protocol on an ensemble of bismuth donor spins (I=9/2, S=1/2) in isotopically purified silicon coupled to a superconducting resonator. A single cycle, combining adiabatic microwave and radio-frequency pulses with Purcell relaxation, increases a target ground state's population by a factor of 1.79(4); a cumulative enhancement of 4.6(2) is reached with additional cycles, to be compared with the theoretical limit of ninefold set by the degeneracy of the ground manifold. We explain this difference by the competition between Purcell and intrinsic relaxation on the one hand and a collective effect that slows down the electronic spin radiative decay as the nuclear spin population grows on the other hand. Our results place radiative DNP as an available mechanism at millikelvin temperatures where phonon-mediated relaxation is frozen.
ER -