Distance-dependent fluorescence modulation under continuous flow in an LTCC-integrated plasmonic competitive immunoassay
Abstract
We report an LTCC-integrated optofluidic plasmonic immunoplatform that enables sequential flow-through fluorescence measurements with real-time optical signal acquisition. The system combines graphene quantum dot donors and gold nanoparticle plasmonic quenchers within a competitive microfluidic immunoassay architecture designed to investigate distance-dependent fluorescence modulation at biofunctionalized nanointerfaces. Fluorescence modulation is associated with distance-dependent interactions between biofunctionalized nanoparticles. Competitive binding of cortisol increases donor–acceptor separation, resulting in concentration-dependent fluorescence recovery within the 10–200 µM range (R ² = 0.96). Spectral and analytical results are consistent with coupled plasmonic, interfacial, and optical attenuation effects contributing to the observed fluorescence modulation. The LTCC-integrated architecture enables stable real-time optical measurements under confined flow conditions. This work provides a proof-of-principle demonstration of the platform; however, before clinical application could be considered, further optimization and validation are required at cortisol concentrations corresponding to physiological conditions and in biological matrices.
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BibTeX
@article{abad2026distancedependent,
title = {{Distance-dependent fluorescence modulation under continuous flow in an LTCC-integrated plasmonic competitive immunoassay}},
author = {Neilson Abad and Mateusz Czok and Katarzyna Gwóźdź and Marta Fiedot and Karol Malecha and Joanna Cabaj and Sylwia Baluta},
journal = {Scientific Reports},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1038/s41598-026-78514-1},
url = {https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-78514-1},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Distance-dependent fluorescence modulation under continuous flow in an LTCC-integrated plasmonic competitive immunoassay
AU - Neilson Abad
AU - Mateusz Czok
AU - Katarzyna Gwóźdź
AU - Marta Fiedot
AU - Karol Malecha
AU - Joanna Cabaj
AU - Sylwia Baluta
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/28
JO - Scientific Reports
DO - 10.1038/s41598-026-78514-1
UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-78514-1
AB - We report an LTCC-integrated optofluidic plasmonic immunoplatform that enables sequential flow-through fluorescence measurements with real-time optical signal acquisition. The system combines graphene quantum dot donors and gold nanoparticle plasmonic quenchers within a competitive microfluidic immunoassay architecture designed to investigate distance-dependent fluorescence modulation at biofunctionalized nanointerfaces. Fluorescence modulation is associated with distance-dependent interactions between biofunctionalized nanoparticles. Competitive binding of cortisol increases donor–acceptor separation, resulting in concentration-dependent fluorescence recovery within the 10–200 µM range (R ² = 0.96). Spectral and analytical results are consistent with coupled plasmonic, interfacial, and optical attenuation effects contributing to the observed fluorescence modulation. The LTCC-integrated architecture enables stable real-time optical measurements under confined flow conditions. This work provides a proof-of-principle demonstration of the platform; however, before clinical application could be considered, further optimization and validation are required at cortisol concentrations corresponding to physiological conditions and in biological matrices.
SN - 2045-2322
ER -