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Peer-reviewedCC BYMicromachines

Textile Pattern-Reconfigurable Antennas for 2.45 GHz Off-Body and On-Body Communications.

  • Jie Cui1
  • Jian-Peng Chen2
  • Yu-Xuan Qi2
  • Feng-Xue Liu2,3
  • Le Zhang2,3
  • Hong-Fei Liu3
  • Lei Zhao4
4 affiliations
  1. 1School of Transportation Engineering, Jiangsu University of Architectural Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
  2. 2School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China.
  3. 3Jiangsu Xiyi High-Tech New Materials Co., Ltd., Xuzhou 221400, China.
  4. 4School of Information and Control Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
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Abstract

Electrical radiation pattern reconfiguration for textile antennas using diode-based bias circuits is challenging, as most textile materials cannot withstand high soldering temperatures. Metallic snap buttons, widely used in garment manufacturing, can be readily integrated into textile antennas as mechanical pattern-reconfiguration switches. Accordingly, four sets of copper snap buttons are loaded on a square microstrip patch antenna (MPA). The antenna operates in fundamental patch and monopole modes under OFF and ON states, respectively, which yields distinct resonant frequencies for the two reconfigurable modes. Analysis of the simulated currents on the patch inspires two strategies to align both the patch-mode and monopole-mode resonant frequencies at 2.45 GHz. The first employs two parallel slots between the feeding probe and snap buttons to extend the monopole-mode current path while maintaining the patch-mode current path unchanged. The second increases the patch width to achieve similar current-path tuning. Two textile antennas are designed and fabricated following the two strategies. Simulations and prototype measurements validate the 2.45 GHz pattern reconfiguration of the two designs and further verify their robustness against human-body loading and bending deformation.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{cui2026textile,
  title = {{Textile Pattern-Reconfigurable Antennas for 2.45 GHz Off-Body and On-Body Communications.}},
  author = {Jie Cui and Jian-Peng Chen and Yu-Xuan Qi and Feng-Xue Liu and Le Zhang and Hong-Fei Liu and Lei Zhao},
  journal = {Micromachines},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.3390/mi17101123},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42943880},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Textile Pattern-Reconfigurable Antennas for 2.45 GHz Off-Body and On-Body Communications.
AU  - Jie Cui
AU  - Jian-Peng Chen
AU  - Yu-Xuan Qi
AU  - Feng-Xue Liu
AU  - Le Zhang
AU  - Hong-Fei Liu
AU  - Lei Zhao
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/27
JO  - Micromachines
DO  - 10.3390/mi17101123
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42943880
AB  - Electrical radiation pattern reconfiguration for textile antennas using diode-based bias circuits is challenging, as most textile materials cannot withstand high soldering temperatures. Metallic snap buttons, widely used in garment manufacturing, can be readily integrated into textile antennas as mechanical pattern-reconfiguration switches. Accordingly, four sets of copper snap buttons are loaded on a square microstrip patch antenna (MPA). The antenna operates in fundamental patch and monopole modes under OFF and ON states, respectively, which yields distinct resonant frequencies for the two reconfigurable modes. Analysis of the simulated currents on the patch inspires two strategies to align both the patch-mode and monopole-mode resonant frequencies at 2.45 GHz. The first employs two parallel slots between the feeding probe and snap buttons to extend the monopole-mode current path while maintaining the patch-mode current path unchanged. The second increases the patch width to achieve similar current-path tuning. Two textile antennas are designed and fabricated following the two strategies. Simulations and prototype measurements validate the 2.45 GHz pattern reconfiguration of the two designs and further verify their robustness against human-body loading and bending deformation.
SN  - 2072-666X
ER  -