Does PD-L1 Combined Positive Score Have Prognostic Value in Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma? A Retrospective Cohort Study.
- 1Faculty of Medicine University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia.
- 2Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery University Clinical Center Serbia Belgrade Serbia.
- 3Institute of Pathology "Dr. Đorđe Joanović" Belgrade Serbia.
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine whether pretreatment PD-L1 CPS is prognostically associated with survival in patients with HPSCC treated nonsurgically and without immunotherapy, and to assess overall survival (OS) in actively treated patients without distant metastases according to CPS < 1 versus CPS ≥ 1.Methods
This retrospective single-center study included 71 patients; the primary cohort comprised 56 M0 patients receiving active treatment. CPS was categorized as < 1 versus ≥ 1. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), defined as progression or death, were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and adjusted Cox models for age, ECOG performance status, grouped T stage, and nodal status. Sensitivity analyses examined broader cohorts and treatment covariates.Results
In the primary cohort, 47 deaths and 49 PFS events occurred. Median OS was 9 versus 18 months for CPS < 1 versus ≥ 1 (p = 0.001). For CPS ≥ 1 versus < 1, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 0.243 (95% CI, 0.100-0.591; p = 0.002). Median PFS was 5 versus 12 months (p = 0.004), with an adjusted HR of 0.356 (95% CI, 0.149-0.847; p = 0.020). Sensitivity analyses showed consistent OS estimates (adjusted HRs, 0.292-0.455), whereas PFS estimates were attenuated (adjusted HRs, 0.431-0.603; p = 0.051-0.212). Continuous CPS and CPS ≥ 20 were not associated with either outcome; three-category analyses suggested that poorer outcomes in CPS < 1 drove the association.Conclusions
CPS ≥ 1 was associated with longer OS and PFS in the primary cohort, with consistent OS estimates across sensitivity analyses. These hypothesis-generating findings require external validation and do not support CPS as a standalone treatment-selection marker.Level of evidence
3.
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BibTeX
@article{jakovljevic2026does,
title = {{Does PD-L1 Combined Positive Score Have Prognostic Value in Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma? A Retrospective Cohort Study.}},
author = {Sasa Jakovljevic and Vladimir Djordjevic and Nada Tomanovic and Nenad Arsovic and Nemanja Radivojevic and Katarina Jovanovic and Hristina Glogovac and Konstantin Arsovic},
journal = {Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1002/lio2.70605},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42908758},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Does PD-L1 Combined Positive Score Have Prognostic Value in Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma? A Retrospective Cohort Study.
AU - Sasa Jakovljevic
AU - Vladimir Djordjevic
AU - Nada Tomanovic
AU - Nenad Arsovic
AU - Nemanja Radivojevic
AU - Katarina Jovanovic
AU - Hristina Glogovac
AU - Konstantin Arsovic
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/20
JO - Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology
DO - 10.1002/lio2.70605
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42908758
AB - Objectives The aim of this study was to determine whether pretreatment PD-L1 CPS is prognostically associated with survival in patients with HPSCC treated nonsurgically and without immunotherapy, and to assess overall survival (OS) in actively treated patients without distant metastases according to CPS < 1 versus CPS ≥ 1.Methods This retrospective single-center study included 71 patients; the primary cohort comprised 56 M0 patients receiving active treatment. CPS was categorized as < 1 versus ≥ 1. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), defined as progression or death, were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and adjusted Cox models for age, ECOG performance status, grouped T stage, and nodal status. Sensitivity analyses examined broader cohorts and treatment covariates.Results In the primary cohort, 47 deaths and 49 PFS events occurred. Median OS was 9 versus 18 months for CPS < 1 versus ≥ 1 (p = 0.001). For CPS ≥ 1 versus < 1, the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 0.243 (95% CI, 0.100-0.591; p = 0.002). Median PFS was 5 versus 12 months (p = 0.004), with an adjusted HR of 0.356 (95% CI, 0.149-0.847; p = 0.020). Sensitivity analyses showed consistent OS estimates (adjusted HRs, 0.292-0.455), whereas PFS estimates were attenuated (adjusted HRs, 0.431-0.603; p = 0.051-0.212). Continuous CPS and CPS ≥ 20 were not associated with either outcome; three-category analyses suggested that poorer outcomes in CPS < 1 drove the association.Conclusions CPS ≥ 1 was associated with longer OS and PFS in the primary cohort, with consistent OS estimates across sensitivity analyses. These hypothesis-generating findings require external validation and do not support CPS as a standalone treatment-selection marker.Level of evidence 3.
SN - 2378-8038
ER -