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Peer-reviewedCC BYBrain and Behavior

Comparing Demographic and Clinical Features of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients With and Without Sleepiness: A Cross‐Sectional Study

  • Fatemeh kashaninasab1
  • Yousef Fathalian2
  • Mahboobeh Khoozan3
  • Mirfarhad Ghalehbandi4
  • Nasim Nikoubakht5
5 affiliations
  1. 1Sleep Medicine Fellowship. Department of Psychiatry Rasool Akram Medical Complex Clinical Research Development Center (RCRDC) Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) Tehran Iran
  2. 2Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
  3. 3Mental Health Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) Tehran Iran
  4. 4Sleep Medicine Fellowship, Mental Health Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
  5. 5Sleep Medicine Fellowship,Department of Anesthesiology, School of MedicineHazrat‐e Rasool General Hospital, Iran University of Medical SciencesTehran Iran
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Abstract

Background Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common but variable symptom in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), with unclear associations with disease severity and clinical features. This study aimed to compare demographic and clinical characteristics of OSA patients with and without EDS in an Iranian population. Methods In this cross‐sectional study, 117 patients aged 18–65 years with polysomnography‐confirmed OSA were recruited at Rasoul Akram Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from April 2022 to March 2023. EDS was assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS ≥ 10). Data on demographics, anthropometric measures, clinical variables (e.g., AHI), and medical history were collected. Statistical analyses included Spearman correlations, t‐tests, Mann‐Whitney U tests, and chi‐square tests. Results Of 117 patients (63.2% male, mean age 38.18 ± 2.43 years), 42.7% had EDS. No significant correlation was found between AHI and ESS (ρ = 0.121, p = 0.194), nor differences in OSA severity (mild, moderate, severe) between sleepy and non‐sleepy groups (p = 0.998). AHI correlated with age, weight, BMI, neck, and waist circumference (p < 0.05); ESS correlated with height, weight, and neck circumference (p < 0.05). Head/neck disease or injury was associated with the absence of EDS (p = 0.014), with a trend linking opioid use to EDS (p = 0.082). Conclusions EDS in OSA patients is not strongly tied to AHI but is associated with specific anthropometric features. The novel head/neck disease finding suggests neurological influences on EDS. These results advocate for phenotype‐specific OSA management in Middle Eastern populations

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{kashaninasab2026comparing,
  title = {{Comparing Demographic and Clinical Features of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients With and Without Sleepiness: A Cross‐Sectional Study}},
  author = {Fatemeh kashaninasab and Yousef Fathalian and Mahboobeh Khoozan and Mirfarhad Ghalehbandi and Nasim Nikoubakht},
  journal = {Brain and Behavior},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1002/brb3.71720},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.71720},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Comparing Demographic and Clinical Features of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients With and Without Sleepiness: A Cross‐Sectional Study
AU  - Fatemeh kashaninasab
AU  - Yousef Fathalian
AU  - Mahboobeh Khoozan
AU  - Mirfarhad Ghalehbandi
AU  - Nasim Nikoubakht
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/25
JO  - Brain and Behavior
DO  - 10.1002/brb3.71720
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.71720
AB  - Background Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common but variable symptom in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), with unclear associations with disease severity and clinical features. This study aimed to compare demographic and clinical characteristics of OSA patients with and without EDS in an Iranian population. Methods In this cross‐sectional study, 117 patients aged 18–65 years with polysomnography‐confirmed OSA were recruited at Rasoul Akram Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from April 2022 to March 2023. EDS was assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS ≥ 10). Data on demographics, anthropometric measures, clinical variables (e.g., AHI), and medical history were collected. Statistical analyses included Spearman correlations, t‐tests, Mann‐Whitney U tests, and chi‐square tests. Results Of 117 patients (63.2% male, mean age 38.18 ± 2.43 years), 42.7% had EDS. No significant correlation was found between AHI and ESS (ρ = 0.121, p = 0.194), nor differences in OSA severity (mild, moderate, severe) between sleepy and non‐sleepy groups (p = 0.998). AHI correlated with age, weight, BMI, neck, and waist circumference (p < 0.05); ESS correlated with height, weight, and neck circumference (p < 0.05). Head/neck disease or injury was associated with the absence of EDS (p = 0.014), with a trend linking opioid use to EDS (p = 0.082). Conclusions EDS in OSA patients is not strongly tied to AHI but is associated with specific anthropometric features. The novel head/neck disease finding suggests neurological influences on EDS. These results advocate for phenotype‐specific OSA management in Middle Eastern populations
SN  - 2162-3279
ER  -