Quantum digital simulations of time-domain semiconductor spectroscopy in the semi-classical approximation

Abstract

We present a digital quantum simulation framework for ultrafast optical spectroscopy of semiconductor materials. The framework is based on Brillouin-zone discretization and is designed as a quantum alternative to classical simulations based on the semiconductor Bloch equations. Its current capabilities include quantum simulations of linear absorption and optical gain, incorporating Lorentzian broadening, finite-temperature band-filling effects, and reduced-dimensionality effects. Comparison with classical simulations of GaAs within the single-particle approximation demonstrates quantitative agreement in the noiseless limit. The inclusion of realistic hardware noise characteristic of NISQ-era quantum computers effectively manifests as an additional source of scattering, resulting in increased spectral broadening. We also show that the linear optical response, including many-body interactions treated within the Hartree-Fock approximation, can be mapped onto a system of coupled classical oscillators. Under certain assumptions about the query complexity of the oscillator couplings, this system exhibits a provable quantum advantage, as demonstrated in [Phys. Rev. X 13, 041041 (2023)]. Beyond the Hartree-Fock approximation, classical simulations based on many-body quantum kinetic equations face the so-called hierarchy problem, whereas the algorithmic complexity of the quantum simulations remains unchanged, offering a promising approach to overcoming this challenge.

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BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@misc{klymenko2026quantum,
  title = {{Quantum digital simulations of time-domain semiconductor spectroscopy in the semi-classical approximation}},
  author = {Mykhailo Klymenko and Bahar Goldozian and Thong Hoang and Jared H. Cole and Muhammad Usman},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2606.04295},
  eprint = {2606.04295},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.04295},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}

RIS

TY  - UNPB
TI  - Quantum digital simulations of time-domain semiconductor spectroscopy in the semi-classical approximation
AU  - Mykhailo Klymenko
AU  - Bahar Goldozian
AU  - Thong Hoang
AU  - Jared H. Cole
AU  - Muhammad Usman
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/25
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2606.04295
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.04295
AB  - We present a digital quantum simulation framework for ultrafast optical spectroscopy of semiconductor materials. The framework is based on Brillouin-zone discretization and is designed as a quantum alternative to classical simulations based on the semiconductor Bloch equations. Its current capabilities include quantum simulations of linear absorption and optical gain, incorporating Lorentzian broadening, finite-temperature band-filling effects, and reduced-dimensionality effects. Comparison with classical simulations of GaAs within the single-particle approximation demonstrates quantitative agreement in the noiseless limit. The inclusion of realistic hardware noise characteristic of NISQ-era quantum computers effectively manifests as an additional source of scattering, resulting in increased spectral broadening. We also show that the linear optical response, including many-body interactions treated within the Hartree-Fock approximation, can be mapped onto a system of coupled classical oscillators. Under certain assumptions about the query complexity of the oscillator couplings, this system exhibits a provable quantum advantage, as demonstrated in [Phys. Rev. X 13, 041041 (2023)]. Beyond the Hartree-Fock approximation, classical simulations based on many-body quantum kinetic equations face the so-called hierarchy problem, whereas the algorithmic complexity of the quantum simulations remains unchanged, offering a promising approach to overcoming this challenge.
ER  -

Abstract

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